February 12
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
February 12 is the 43rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 322 days remaining until the end of the year (323 in leap years).
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Births [change]
- 41 – Britannicus, Roman heir to the throne (d. 55)
- 712 – Du Fu, Chinese poet (d. 770)
- 1074 - Conrad II of Italy (d. 1101)
- 1218 - Kujo Yoritsune, Japanese shogun (d. 1256)
- 1567 – Thomas Campion, English composer and poet (d. 1620)
- 1584 - Caspar Berlaeus, Dutch theologian, poet and historian (d. 1648)
- 1606 - John Winthrop the Younger, Governor of Connecticut (d. 1676)
- 1665 - Rudolf Jakob Camerarius, German botanist and physician (d. 1721)
- 1752 - Josef Reicha, Czech cellist, composer and conductor (d. 1795)
- 1761 - Jan Ladislav Dussek, Czech composer and conductor (d. 1812)
- 1768 – Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1835)
- 1775 – Louisa Adams, First Lady of the United States (d. 1852)
- 1777 – Friedrich de la Motte Fouque, German poet (d. 1843)
- 1788 – Carl Reichenbach, German chemist and philosopher (d. 1869)
- 1791 - Peter Cooper, American industrialist, inventor and philanthropist (d. 1883)
- 1794 - Alexander Petrov, Russian chess player (d. 1867)
- 1804 - Heinrich Lenz, German physicist (d. 1865)
- 1809 – Charles Darwin, English naturalist (d. 1882)
- 1809 – Abraham Lincoln, 16th President of the United States (d. 1865)
- 1815 - Edward Forbes, British naturalist (d. 1854)
- 1817 - Conrad Baker, 15th Governor of Indiana (d. 1885)
- 1828 - George Meredith, English writer (d. 1909)
- 1837 - Thomas Moran, American painter (d. 1926)
- 1865 - Kazimierz Przerwa-Tetmajer, Polish poet and writer (d. 1940)
- 1869 – Kien Phuc, Emperor of Vietnam (d. 1884)
- 1870 - Marie Lloyd, English music-hall performer (d. 1922)
- 1876 – Thubten Gyatso, 13th Dalai Lama, Tibetan spiritual leader (d. 1933)
- 1877 – Louis Renault, French industrialist and automobile pioneer (d. 1944)
- 1881 – Anna Pavlova, Russian ballerina (d. 1931)
- 1884 – Max Beckmann, German artist (d. 1950)
- 1884 - Marie Vassilieff, Russian artist (d. 1957)
- 1884 - Alice Roosevelt Longworth, daughter of Theodore Roosevelt (d. 1980)
- 1885 – Julius Streicher, Nazi publisher (d. 1946)
- 1893 – Omar Bradley, American general (d. 1981)
- 1895 - Kristian Djurhuus, 2nd Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands (d. 1984)
- 1900 – Vasily Chuikov, Soviet marshal and politician (d. 1982)
- 1910 - Lee Byung-chull, Korean businessman (d. 1987)
- 1911 - Cearbhall O Dalaigh, President of Ireland (d. 1978)
- 1911 – Charles Mathiesen, Norwegian speed skater (d. 1994)
- 1916 – Joseph Alioto, Mayor of San Francisco (d. 1998)
- 1917 – Dom DiMaggio, American baseball player (d. 2009)
- 1918 – Julian Schwinger, American physicist (d. 1994)
- 1919 – Ferruccio Valcareggi, Italian footballer (d. 2005)
- 1922 – Hussein Onn, Prime Minister of Malaysia (d. 1990)
- 1923 – Franco Zeffirelli, Italian film and opera director and designer
- 1925 - Joan Finney, Governor of Kansas (d. 2001)
- 1930 - Arlen Specter, United States Senator for Pennsylvania (d. 2012)
- 1932 - Maurice Filion, Canadian ice hockey coach
- 1934 – Annette Crosbie, British actress
- 1934 – Bill Russell, American basketball player
- 1934 - Anne Osborn Krueger, American professor and former Deputy Director of the International Monetary Fund
- 1936 - Fang Lizhi, Chinese activist (d. 2012)
- 1939 – Ray Manzarek, American musician (The Doors)
- 1941 – Naomi Uemura, Japanese adventurer (d. 1984)
- 1942 – Ehud Barak, former Prime Minister of Israel
- 1945 – Thilo Sarrazin, German politician
- 1946 – Ajda Pekkan, Turkish singer
- 1945 - David D. Friedman, American economist
- 1946 – Jean Eyeghe Ndong, Prime Minister of Gabon
- 1948 – Bernd Franke, German footballer
- 1948 – Raymond Kurzweil, American inventor and author
- 1948 - Mike Robitaille, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1950 – Steve Hackett, English guitarist
- 1951 – Steven Parent, American murder victim (d. 1969)
- 1952 – Simon MacCorkindale, British actor (d. 2010)
- 1952 – Michael McDonald, American singer and musician
- 1955 – Arsenio Hall, American television host
- 1956 - Ad Melkert, Dutch politician
- 1961 – Michel Martelly, Haitian musician, businessman, politician and President of Haiti
- 1964 - Michel Petit, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1965 - John Michael Higgins, American actor
- 1968 – Josh Brolin, American actor
- 1968 – Christopher McCandless, American nomad (d. 1992)
- 1969 – Meja, Swedish singer-songwriter
- 1969 - Steve Backley, British javelin thrower
- 1973 – Tara Strong, Canadian-American actress
- 1975 - Scott Pollard, American basketball player
- 1976 – Christian Cullen, New Zealand rugby player
- 1977 – Jimmy Conrad, American soccer player
- 1978 – Gethin Jones, Welsh television presenter
- 1980 – Juan Carlos Ferrero, Spanish tennis player
- 1980 – Christina Ricci, American actress
- 1980 - Sarah Lancaster, American actress
- 1981 - Lisa Hannigan, Irish singer
- 1982 – Anthony Tuitavake, New Zealand rugby player
- 1984 – Brad Keselowski, American racing driver
- 1984 – Peter Utaka, Nigerian footballer
- 1985 – Saskia Burmeister, Australian swimmer
- 1987 - Jeremy Chardy, French tennis player
- 1988 – Mike Posner, American singer
- 1988 – Nicolas Otamendi, Argentine footballer
- 1989 - Ron-Robert Ziegler, German footballer
- 1990 - Moussa Kone, Ivory Coast footballer
- 1991 - Casey Abrams, American singer
- 1993 – Jennifer Stone, American actress
Deaths [change]
- 991 - Emperor En'yu of Japan (b. 959)
- 1242 - Henry (VII) of Germany (b. 1211)
- 1554 – Lady Jane Grey, Queen of England for nine days (b. 1537)
- 1571 - Nicholas Throckmorton, English diplomat and politician (b. 1515)
- 1612 - Christopher Clavius, German astronomer (b. 1538)
- 1700 - Aleksei Shein, Russian general and statesman (b. 1662)
- 1724 - Elkanah Settle, English writer (b. 1648)
- 1763 – Pierre Carlet de Marivaut, French writer (b. 1688)
- 1771 – King Adolf Frederick of Sweden (b. 1710)
- 1787 – Rugjer Josip Boskovic, mathematician and physicist (b. 1711)
- 1789 – Ethan Allen, American patriot (b. 1738)
- 1799 - Lazzaro Spallanzani, Italian biologist (b. 1729)
- 1804 – Immanuel Kant, German philosopher (b. 1724)
- 1834 – Friedrich Schleiermacher, German philosopher (b. 1768)
- 1896 – Ambroise Thomas, French composer (b. 1811)
- 1912 – Gerhard Armauer Hansen, Norwegian doctor and scientist (b. 1841)
- 1916 – Richard Dedekind, mathematician (b. 1831)
- 1929 – Lily Langtry, singer and actress (b. 1853)
- 1933 – Henri Duparc, French composer (b. 1848)
- 1935 – Auguste Escoffier, French chef (b. 1846)
- 1942 – Grant Wood, American painter (b. 1891)
- 1949 – Imam Hassan al Banna, founder of the Muslim brotherhood (b. 1906)
- 1951 – Choudhary Rahmat Ali, founding father of Pakistan (b. 1897)
- 1954 – Dziga Vertov, Russian filmmaker (b. 1896)
- 1960 - Jean-Michel Atlan, French painter (b. 1913)
- 1970 - Ishman Bracey, American blues musician (b. 1901)
- 1971 – James C. Penney, American department store founder (b. 1875)
- 1976 – Sal Mineo, actor (b. 1939)
- 1979 – Jean Renoir, director (b. 1894)
- 1982 – Victor Jory, Canadian actor (b. 1902)
- 1983 – Eubie Blake, musician and songwriter (b. 1883 or 1887)
- 1984 – Anna Anderson, claimant to the Russian throne (b. 1896)
- 1984 – Julio Cortázar, author, intellectual (b. 1914)
- 1985 – Nicholas Colasanto, American actor (b. 1924)
- 1992 – María Elena Moyano, Peruvian activist (b. 1960)
- 1993 – James Bulger, murder victim (b. 1990)
- 1995 – Robert Bolt, writer (b. 1924)
- 1996 – Bob Shaw, author (b. 1931)
- 2000 – Screamin' Jay Hawkins, American musician (b. 1929)
- 2000 – Tom Landry, American football coach (b. 1924)
- 2000 – Charles Schulz, American comics author (b. 1922)
- 2000 - Screamin' Jay Hawkins, American musician (b. 1929)
- 2001 – Kristina Söderbaum, German actress and photographer (b. 1912)
- 2005 - Rafael Vidal, Venezuelan athlete (b. 1964)
- 2007 – Georg Buschner, East German footballer and manager (b. 1925)
- 2008 – Badri Patarkatsishvili, Georgian businessman (b. 1955)
- 2009 – Giacomo Bulgarelli, Italian footballer (b. 1940)
- 2010 – Nodar Kumaritashvili, Georgian luger (b. 1988)
- 2010 – Leroy Nash, American death row inmate (b. 1915)
- 2011 – Peter Alexander, Austrian singer and actor (b. 1926)
- 2011 – Betty Garrett, American actress (b. 1919)
- 2012 - David Kelly, Irish actor (b. 1929)
- 2013 - Christopher Dorner, American former police officer, and spree killer (b. 1969)
Events [change]
- 881 - Pope John VIII crowns Charles the Fat as Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire.
- 1354 – Treaty of Stralsund settles border disputes between the duchies of Mecklenburg and Pomerania.
- 1502 - Vasco da Gama sets sail from Lisbon on his second voyage to India.
- 1541 – Santiago, Chile is founded by Pedro de Valdivia.
- 1554 – A year after claiming the throne of England for nine days, Lady Jane Grey is beheaded for treason.
- 1619 - The Diego Ramirez Islands to the southwest of Cape Horn and near Antarctica are discovered.
- 1689 – The Convention Parliament convenes and declares that the flight to France in 1688 by James II, the last Catholic British monarch, constitutes an abdication.
- 1719 – The Onderlinge van 1719 u.a., the oldest existing life insurance company in the Netherlands is founded.
- 1733 – Englishman James Oglethorpe founds the 13th and final American colony of Georgia, and its first city at Savannah.
- 1737 – The Teatro di San Carlo, the oldest working opera house in Europe, is inaugurated.
- 1771 – Gustav III becomes the King of Sweden when his father Adolf Frederick "[eats] himself to death".
- 1772 - Yves Joseph de Kerguelen de Tremarec's expedition discovers the Kerguelen Islands in the Southern Indian Ocean near Antarctica.
- 1817 – The Chilean patriotic army, after crossing the Andes, defeats Spanish troops at the Battle of Chacabuco.
- 1818 – Bernardo O'Higgins signs the Independence of Chile near Concepción.
- 1825 – The Creek cede the last of their lands in Georgia to the United States government, and migrate west.
- 1832 – Ecuador annexes the Galápagos Islands.
- 1851 - The Australian gold rushes start, as Edward Hargreaves announces a gold-find in Bathurst, New South Wales.
- 1855 - Michigan State University is founded.
- 1870 – Women gain the right to vote in Utah Territory.
- 1879 – At New York City's Madison Square Garden the first artificial ice rink in North America opens.
- 1892 – Former President Abraham Lincoln's birthday is declared a national holiday in the United States.
- 1894 – Anarchist Emile Henry hurls a bomb into Paris's Cafe Terminus, killing one and wounding 20.
- 1909 - Inter-island ferry SS Penguin sinks and explodes in Wellington Harbour, New Zealand.
- 1909 – The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) is founded.
- 1912 – Xuantong Emperor of the Manchu Qing dynasty, the last Emperor of China, abdicates.
- 1912 – China adopts the Gregorian calendar.
- 1915 – In Washington, DC, the first stone of the Lincoln Memorial is put into place.
- 1924 – Premiere of George Gershwin's Rhapsody in Blue with Paul Whiteman's Palais Royal Orchestra in Aeolian Hall in New York City.
- 1924 – Calvin Coolidge becomes the first President of the United States to deliver a political speech on radio.
- 1934 – The Austrian Civil War begins.
- 1934 – The Export-Import Bank of the United States is incorporated.
- 1934 – In Spain the national council of Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional-Sindicalista is inaugurated. The council decides to merge the movement with the Falange Española.
- 1935 - The helium-filled airship SS Macon, crashes into the Pacific Ocean off California.
- 1938 – Anschluss: German troops enter Austria.
- 1946 – Operation Deadlight ends after scuttling 121 of 154 captured U-boats.
- 1947 - A meteor creates an impact crater in Sikhote-Alin, Soviet Union.
- 1951 – Soraya Esfandiary Bakhtiari marries the Shah of Iran Reza Pahlavi at Golestan Palace in Teheran at age of 17.
- 1961 - The Soviet Venera 1 space probe is sent to Venus.
- 1963 - Building work on the Gateway Arch, Saint Louis, Missouri, begins.
- 1971 - Bhutan's full sovereignty from India is gained.
- 1973 – Ohio becomes the first U.S. state to post distance in SI units on signs.
- 1973 – Vietnam War: The first American prisoners of war are released by the NLF.
- 1974 - Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn is exiled from the Soviet Union.
- 1990 - In Western Australia, Carmen Lawrence becomes the first female Premier of an Australian state.
- 1994 – 1994 Winter Olympics open in Lillehammer, Norway.
- 1998 – The presidential line-item veto is declared unconstitutional by a United States federal judge.
- 1999 – President Bill Clinton is acquitted by the United States Senate in his impeachment trial.
- 2001 – NEAR Shoemaker spacecraft touchdown in the "saddle" region of 433 Eros, becoming the first spacecraft to land on an asteroid.
- 2001 – Google obtains Usenet, creating Google Groups. (press release)
- 2002 – The trial of former President of Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Slobodan Milošević begins at the United Nations war crimes tribunal in The Hague.
- 2002 – Nuclear waste: US Secretary of Energy makes the decision that Yucca Mountain is suitable to be the United States' nuclear repository.
- 2002 – An Iran Air Tupolev Tu-154 crashes prior to landing in Khorramabad, Iran, killing 119.
- 2004 – Mayor Gavin Newsom of San Francisco, California, on National Freedom to Marry Day, orders his county clerk to revise marriage licenses to allow gay and lesbian couples to legally wed.
- 2004 – Mattel Inc. announces the split of Barbara Millicent Roberts and Ken Carson (aka Barbie and Ken) after 43 years of dating.
- 2005 – Former Vermont governor and presidential candidate Howard Dean becomes chairman of the Democratic National Committee.
- 2009 – A plane crash, of Colgan Air Flight 3407, in Clarence Center, Buffalo, New York, kills all of the people on board and one on the ground.
- 2010 – Georgian luge competitor Nodar Kumaritashvili dies after an accident that occurred while he was training for the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, which open on the same day.
- 2012 - The Zambia national football team wins the Africa Cup of Nations, defeating the Ivory Coast national football team in a penalty shoot-out.
- 2013 - North Korea announces that it has carried out an underground nuclear test, at around a kilometer's depth, despite criticism from around the world.
Observances [change]
- Darwin Day
- Abraham Lincoln's birthday (United States)
- Union Day (Burma)
- Youth Day (Venezuela)
- Red Hand Day (UN)
