October 19
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
October 19 is the 292nd day of the year (293rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 73 days remaining until the end of the year.
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Births [change]
- 1276 - Prince Hisaaki, Japanese shogun (d. 1328)
- 1433 – Marsilio Ficino, Italian philosopher (d. 1499)
- 1562 – Archbishop George Abbot, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1633)
- 1582 - Dmitry Ivanovich, Tsarevich of Russia (d. 1591)
- 1605 – Thomas Browne, English writer (d. 1682)
- 1610 - James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormonde, English statesman and soldier (d. 1688)
- 1658 – Adolf Friedrich II of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (d. 1704)
- 1688 - William Cheselden, English surgeon and anatomist (d. 1752)
- 1718 - Victor-Francois, 2nd duc de Broglie, Marshal of France (d. 1804)
- 1720 - John Woolman, American Quaker preacher and anti-Slavery activist (d. 1772)
- 1748 - Martha Jefferson, wife of Thomas Jefferson (d. 1782)
- 1784 – John McLoughlin, Hudson's Bay company trader (d. 1857)
- 1784 - James Henry Leigh Hunt, English Romantic critic, essayist and poet (d. 1859)
- 1789 - Theophilos Kairis, Greek priest and revolutionary (d. 1853)
- 1810 - Cassius Clay, American abolitionist (d. 1903)
- 1851 – Empress Myeongseong of Korea (d. 1895)
- 1856 - Edmund Beecher Wilson, American biologist (d. 1939)
- 1858 – George Albert Boulenger, Belgian naturalist (d. 1937)
- 1862 – Auguste Lumière, one of the inventors of cinema (d. 1954)
- 1868 - Bertha Landes, American politician (d. 1943)
- 1871 - Luigi Albertini, Italian politician and publicist (d. 1941)
- 1873 – Jaap Eden, Dutch skater and cyclist (d. 1925)
- 1882 – Umberto Bocciani, Italian painter and sculptor (d. 1916)
- 1885 – Charles Merrill, American investment banker (d. 1956)
- 1895 – Lewis Mumford, American historian (d. 1990)
- 1897 - Salimuzzaman Siddiqui, Pakistani scientist and scholar (d. 1994)
- 1899 – Miguel Angel Asturias, Guatemalan writer (d. 1974)
- 1900 – Erna Berger, German soprano (d. 1990)
- 1907 – Roger Wolfe Kahn, band leader (d. 1962)
- 1908 – Geirr Tveitt, Norwegian composer (d. 1981)
- 1910 – Jean Genet, French author (d. 1986)
- 1910 – Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, Indian physicist (d. 1995)
- 1913 – Vinicius de Moraes, Brazilian poet and songwriter (d. 1980)
- 1915 - Farid al-Atrash, Syrian composer, musician and actor (d. 1974)
- 1916 – Emil Gilels, Ukrainian pianist (d. 1994)
- 1916 – Jean Dausset, French immunologist (d. 2009)
- 1917 - Walter Munk, Austrian-born American oceanographer
- 1921 – Gunnar Nordahl, Swedish footballer (d. 1995)
- 1925 – Emilio Eduardo Massera, Argentine naval officer and member of the Military Junta (d. 2010)
- 1926 - Arne Bendiksen, Norwegian singer and songwriter (d. 2009)
- 1931 - Manolo Escobar, Spanish singer and actor
- 1931 – John le Carré, English novelist
- 1932 – Robert Reed, actor (d. 1992)
- 1934 – Yakubu Gowon, former President of Nigeria
- 1937 – Peter Max, American pop artist
- 1940 – Michael Gambon, Irish-British actor
- 1940 - Rosny Smarth, Haitian Prime Minister
- 1941 - Pepetela, Angolan writer, politician and activist
- 1942 – Andrew Vachss, author and attorney
- 1943 - Takis Ikonomopoulos, Greek footballer
- 1944 – Peter Tosh, Jamaican musician (d. 1987)
- 1945 – Divine, actor (d. 1988)
- 1945 – John Lithgow, American actor
- 1945 – Patricia Ireland, American attorney and feminist
- 1946 – Philip Pullman, English writer
- 1947 – Giorgio Cavazzano, comics artist and illustrator
- 1951 - Demetrios Christodoulou, Greek physicist
- 1953 - Lionel Hollins, American basketball player and coach
- 1954 – Sam Allardyce, English football manager
- 1954 - Joe Bryant, American basketball player
- 1956 - Carlo Urbani, Italian physician
- 1962 – Evander Holyfield, American boxing champion
- 1963 – Prince Laurent of Belgium
- 1964 - Jorge Luis Gonzales, Cuban-born American boxer
- 1965 – Ty Pennington, American TV carpenter
- 1966 – Jon Favreau, American actor, writer, director
- 1966 – Sinitta, American singer
- 1967 - Amy Carter, daughter of Jimmy Carter
- 1969 – DJ Sammy, Spanish DJ
- 1969 – Erwin Sanchez, Bolivian footballer
- 1969 – Trey Parker, American cartoonist, comedian, writer, actor
- 1969 - Dieter Thomas, German ski jumper
- 1972 – Pras, musician
- 1973 - Joaquin Gage, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1976 – Paul Hartley, Scottish footballer
- 1976 – Desmond Harrington, American actor
- 1976 – Michael Young, American baseball player
- 1977 – Habib Beye, Senegalese footballer
- 1977 - Jason Reitman, American writer and director
- 1981 – Heikki Kovalainen, Finnish racing driver
- 1982 – Louis Oosthuizen, South African golfer
- 1982 - Gillian Jacobs, American actress
- 1982 - Gonzalo Pineda, Mexican footballer
- 1983 - Vladimir Gabulov, Russian footballer
- 1983 - Cara Santa Maria, American journalist
- 1984 - Saki Fujita, Japanese voice actress
- 1988 - Dot Rotten, English rapper and musician
- 1989 – Miroslav Stoch, Slovakian footballer
- 1993 – Abby Sunderland, American sailor
- 2004 – Abilass Jeyarajah, Sri Lankan tsunami survivor
Deaths [change]
- 1187 – Pope Urban III
- 1216 – King John of England (b. 1167)
- 1587 – Francesco I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (b. 1541)
- 1682 – Thomas Browne, English writer (b. 1605)
- 1723 - Godfrey Kneller, German-born painter (b. 1646)
- 1745 – Jonathan Swift, Irish writer (b. 1667)
- 1790 - Lyman Hall, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (b. 1724)
- 1813 – Jozef Poniatowski, Polish prince and Marshal of France (b. 1763)
- 1842 - Aleksey Koltsov, Russian poet (b. 1808)
- 1889 – King Louis of Portugal (b. 1838)
- 1890 – Richard Francis Burton, British explorer (b. 1821)
- 1893 - Lucy Stone, American activist (b. 1818)
- 1901 - Carl Frederik Tietgen, Danish financier and industrialist (b. 1829)
- 1918 – Harold Lockwood, American actor (b. 1887)
- 1921 - Antonio Joaquim Granjo, Prime Minister of Portugal
- 1936 – Lu Xun, Chinese writer (b. 1881)
- 1937 – Ernest Rutherford, New Zealand physicist (b. 1871)
- 1940 - Umberto Caligaris, Italian footballer (b. 1901)
- 1943 – Camille Claudel, French sculptor (b. 1864)
- 1945 – Plutarco Elias Calles, President of Mexico (b. 1877)
- 1950 – Edna St. Vincent Millay, American poet (b. 1892)
- 1970 – Lazaro Cardenas, President of Mexico (b. 1895)
- 1983 – Maurice Bishop, Prime Minister of Grenada (b. 1944)
- 1984 – Jerzy Popieluszko, Polish priest, supported the Solidarity movement (b. 1947)
- 1986 – Samora Machel, President of Mozambique (b. 1933)
- 1987 – Jacqueline du Pré, British cellist (b. 1945)
- 1995 – Don Cherry, American jazz trumpeter (b. 1936)
- 1997 - Glen Buxton, American guitarist (b. 1947)
- 2003 – Alija Izetbegovic, President of Bosnia and Herzegovina (b. 1925)
- 2003 – Road Warrior Hawk, American professional wrestler (b. 1957)
- 2009 – Joseph Wiseman, Canadian actor (b. 1918)
- 2010 – Tom Bosley, American actor (b. 1927)
- 2012 - Fiorenzo Magni, Italian cyclist (b. 1920)
Events [change]
- 202 BC – The Battle of Zama results in the defeat of Carthage and Hannibal.
- AD 439 – The Vandals, led by King Gaiseric, take Carthage in North Africa.
- 1453 – The French recapture of Bordeaux brings the Hundred Years War to a close, with the English retaining only Calais on French soil.
- 1466 – The Thirteen Years' War ended with the Second Treaty of Toruń. Gdansk Pomerania and Prussia as a whole was incorporated into Poland; the Teutonic Knights were allowed to rule its eastern part as Polish vassals.
- 1781 – Major General Lord Charles Cornwallis surrenders to George Washington and Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau at Yorktown, Virginia, ending the American Revolutionary War.
- 1789 - John Jay is sworn in as the first Chief Justice of the United States.
- 1812 – Napoleon I of France retreats from Moscow.
- 1813 – The Battle of Leipzig concludes, giving Napoleon Bonaparte one of his worst defeats.
- 1864 – Battle of Cedar Creek – Union Army under Philip Sheridan destroys Confederate Army under Jubal Early.
- 1864 – Confederate raiders launch an attack on Saint Albans, Vermont from Canada.
- 1873 – Yale, Princeton, Columbia, and Rutgers universities draft the first code of American football rules.
- 1912 – Italy takes possession of Tripoli, Libya from the Ottoman Empire.
- 1914 – The First Battle of Ypres begins.
- 1917 – Love Field in Dallas, Texas is opened.
- 1921 - Portugal's Prime Minister Antonio Joaquim Granjo is killed in a coup.
- 1933 – Germany withdraws from the League of Nations.
- 1935 – Fascist Italy invades Ethiopia.
- 1943 – Streptomycin, the first antibiotic remedy for tuberculosis, is isolated by researchers at Rutgers University.
- 1944 – United States forces land in the Philippines.
- 1950 – The People's Republic of China joins the Korean War.
- 1954 – First successful climb of Cho Oyu in the Himalayas.
- 1956 - The Soviet Union and Japan sign a joint declaration, officially ending the state of war between them.
- 1973 – President Richard Nixon rejects an Appeals Court demand to turn over the Watergate tapes.
- 1974 – Niue becomes a self-governing territory of New Zealand.
- 1982 – John De Lorean is arrested for trafficking in cocaine.
- 1983 – Maurice Bishop, Prime Minister of Grenada, is overthrown and executed in a military coup d'état led by Bernard Coard.
- 1985 – The first Blockbuster Video store opens in Dallas, Texas.
- 1986 – Samora Machel, President of Mozambique and a prominent leader of FRELIMO, and 33 others died when their Tupolev 134 plane crashed into the Lebombo Mountains.
- 1987 – In retaliation for Iranian attacks on ships in the Persian Gulf, the U.S. Navy disables three of Iran's offshore oil platforms.
- 1987 – (Black Monday) Dow Jones Industrial Average falls by 22%.
- 1989 – Guildford Four convictions are quashed by the Court of Appeal – they had spent 15 years in prison through a miscarriage of justice.
- 1991 - An earthquake in northern India, of magnitude 7, kills 2,000 people.
- 1992 - German politicians Petra Kelly and Gert Bastian are found dead. It is believed that Bastian killed Kelly on October 1, before killing himself.
- 1994 – New Zealand's Goodnight Kiwi says good night for the last time.
- 2001 – SIEV-X sinks en route to Christmas Island
- 2003 – Mother Teresa is beatified by Pope John Paul II.
- 2004 – Myanmar prime minister Khin Nyunt is ousted and placed under house arrest by the Thai government on charges of corruption.
- 2005 – The trial of Saddam Hussein, on charges of Crimes against Humanity, begins.
- 2005 – Hurricane Wilma becomes the most intense Atlantic hurricane on record.
- 2007 - A bomb explosion occurs at a market in Makati, Philippines, killing 11 people.
- 2012 - A bomb attack in Beirut, Lebanon, kills at least 11 people, including the Lebanese army chief. The attack is believed to be linked to the conflict in Syria.
Observances [change]
- Constitution Day (Niue)
- Mother Teresa Day (Albania)
