November 20
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
November 20 is the 324th day of the year (325th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 41 days remaining until the end of the year.
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Events [change]
- 284 – Diocletian becomes Roman Emperor.
- 1194 - Palermo is conquered by Emperor Henry VI.
- 1272 – Following Henry III of England's death on November 16, his son Prince Edward becomes King of England.
- 1789 – New Jersey becomes the first U.S. state to ratify the Bill of Rights.
- 1902 – Henri Desgrange and fellow journalist Géo Lefèvre dream up the idea of the Tour de France over lunch at the Cafe de Madrid in Paris.
- 1910 – From exile in Texas, Francisco I. Madero calls for a Revolution against the rule of Mexican President Porfirio Diaz, starting the Mexican Revolution.
- 1917 – Ukraine is declared a republic.
- 1929 – Salvador Dali, a Spanish artist, opens his first one man show.
- 1936 - In Spain, Jose Antonio Primo de Rivera is killed by a Republican execution squad.
- 1940 – World War II: Hungary, Romania and Slovakia join the Axis Powers.
- 1942 – The Alaska Highway is opened to traffic.
- 1945 – Nuremberg Trials begin: Trials against 24 Nazi war criminals of World War II start at the Nuremberg Palace of Justice.
- 1947 – The Princess Elizabeth marries Lieutenant Philip Mountbatten at Westminster Abbey in London.
- 1955 – Bo Diddley makes his TV debut on Ed Sullivan's Toast Of The Town show on CBS.
- 1962 – Cuban Missile Crisis ends: In response to the Soviet Union agreeing to remove its missiles from Cuba, US President John F. Kennedy ends the quarantine of the Caribbean nation.
- 1969 – Vietnam War: The Cleveland Plain Dealer publishes explicit photographs of dead villagers from the My Lai massacre in Vietnam.
- 1974 - A Lufthansa Boeing 747-130 crashes during take-off from Nairobi, Kenya, killing 59 people.
- 1975 – Spanish dictator Francisco Franco dies, after more than three-and-a-half decades in power.
- 1977 – In a speech at the Knesset (Israel's parliament), Egypt's President Anwar Sadat recognises the state of Israel's right to exist.
- 1979 - Grand Mosque Seizure: 200 Sunni Muslims revolt in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, the holiest place in Islam, during the Pilgrimage, taking about 6,000 hostages. French special forces help Saudi Arabia to put down the uprising.
- 1985 – Microsoft Windows 1.0 is released.
- 1989 - Velvet Revolution: The number of protesters in Prague, then the capital city of Czechoslovakia, increases to an estimated 500,000.
- 1992 – Windsor Castle, one of the residences of Elizabeth II, is damaged by fire.
- 1993 - A plane crash near Ohrid, present-day Republic of Macedonia, kills 115 people, with only one person on board surviving.
- 1994 – The Angolan government and UNITA rebels sign the Lusaka Protocol in Zambia, ending 19 years of civil war (in 1995 localized fighting resumed).
- 1998 – A court in Taliban-controlled Afghanistan declares accused terrorist Osama bin Laden "a man without a sin" in regards to the 1998 U.S. embassy bombings in Kenya and Tanzania.
- 2000 – Honda introduces the humanoid robot ASIMO.
- 2003 – A second set of bombings in five days hits Istanbul, with the British Consulate as one of the targets. 27 people are killed.
- 2008 - The Dow Jones Industrial Average reaches its lowest level since 1997.
- 2009 - The Large Hadron Collider is switched back on, after faults caused it to be shut over a year earlier.
- 2011 – Mariano Rajoy is elected Prime Minister in Spain, as the Partido Popular wins the most seats in parliament.
Births [change]
- 270 – Maximinus, Roman Emperor (d. 313)
- 1602 – Otto von Guericke, German physicist (d. 1686)
- 1715 - Pierre Charles Le Monnier, French astronomer (d. 1799)
- 1750 – Tipu Sultan, Indian ruler (d. 1799)
- 1761 – Pope Pius VIII (d. 1830)
- 1841 – Wilfrid Laurier, Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1919)
- 1851 – Margherita of Savoy, Queen of Italy (d. 1926)
- 1858 – Selma Lagerlof, Swedish writer (d. 1940)
- 1866 - Kenesaw Mountain Landis, American judge and baseball commissioner (d. 1944)
- 1869 – Zinaida Gippius, Russian poet and writer (d. 1945)
- 1874 - James Michael Curley, 53rd Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1958)
- 1875 - Friedrich Werner von der Schulenburg, German diplomat and Resistance activist (d. 1944)
- 1877 - Herbert Pitman, English 3rd Officer of the RMS Titanic (d. 1968)
- 1880 - Walter Brack, German swimmer (d. 1919)
- 1880 - George McBride, American baseball player (d. 1973)
- 1886 – Karl von Frisch, Austrian zoologist (d. 1982)
- 1889 – Edwin Hubble, American astronomer (d. 1953)
- 1892 – James Collip, Canadian biochemist (d. 1965)
- 1896 – Chiyono Hasegawa, Japanese supercentenarian (d. 2011)
- 1902 – Gianpiero Combi, Italian footballer (d. 1956)
- 1903 - Alexandra Danilova, Russian ballerina (d. 1997)
- 1908 - Alistair Cooke, British-born American journalist (d. 2004)
- 1912 – Otto von Habsburg, Austrian aristocrat, nobleman and politician (d. 2011)
- 1913 - Judy Canova, American actress (d. 1986)
- 1913 - Kostas Choumis, Greek footballer (d. 1981)
- 1915 – Kon Ichikawa, Japanese movie director (d. 2008)
- 1917 - Bobby Locke, South African golfer
- 1917 – Robert Byrd, American politician (d. 2010)
- 1919 - Phyllis Thaxter, American actress (d. 2012)
- 1921 - Jim Garrison, American attorney and judge (d. 1992)
- 1923 – Nadine Gordimer, South African writer
- 1924 – Benoit Mandelbrot, Polish-born French-American mathematician (d. 2010)
- 1925 – Robert F. Kennedy, American politician (d. 1968)
- 1927 - Mikhail Ulyanov, Russian actor (d. 2007)
- 1928 - Aleksey Batalov, Russian actor and movie director
- 1929 - Don January, American golfer
- 1932 - Richard Dawson, British-born American actor and game show host (d. 2012)
- 1935 – Imre Makovecz, Hungarian architect (d. 2011)
- 1937 - Viktoriya Tokareva, Russian playwright
- 1939 – Dick Smothers, American comedian (The Smothers Brothers)
- 1942 – Joe Biden, Vice President of the United States
- 1943 – Veronica Hamel, American actress
- 1946 - Duane Allman, American guitarist (d. 1971)
- 1951 - David Walters, former Governor of Oklahoma
- 1956 – Bo Derek, American actress
- 1957 – Goodluck Jonathan, President of Nigeria
- 1957 - John Eriksen, Danish footballer (d. 2002)
- 1959 - James P. McGovern, American politician
- 1961 - Tim Harvey, British racing driver
- 1965 - Sen Dog, Cuban rapper
- 1965 – Mike D, American hip hop musician
- 1968 - Tommy Asinga, Surinamese track athlete
- 1970 – Matt Blunt, American politician, former Governor of Missouri
- 1970 - Sabrina Lloyd, American actress
- 1971 – Joel McHale, American actor and comedian
- 1976 – Ji Yun-nam, North Korean footballer
- 1978 – Nadine Velazquez, American actress and model
- 1979 – Dmitri Bulykin, Russian footballer
- 1981 - Espen Hoff, Norwegian footballer
- 1981 – Kimberley Walsh, English singer (Girls Aloud)
- 1984 – Justin Hoyte, English footballer
- 1985 – Dan Byrd, American actor
- 1986 - Jared Followill, American musician
- 1989 - Cody Linley, American actor
- 1993 - Sumire Sato, Japanese singer (AKB48)
- 2000 – Connie Talbot, British singer
Deaths [change]
- 869 - Edmund of East Anglia (b. 841)
- 996 - Richard I, Duke of Normandy (b. 938)
- 1559 – Lady Frances Brandon, mother of Jane Grey, Queen of England (b. 1517)
- 1737 – Caroline of Ansbach, Queen of George II of Great Britain (b. 1683)
- 1742 – Melchior de Polignac, French diplomat (b. 1661)
- 1758 - Johan Helmich Roman, Swedish composer (b. 1694)
- 1764 - Christian Goldbach, Prussian mathematician (b. 1690)
- 1778 - Francesco Cetti, Italian Jesuit scientist (b. 1726)
- 1856 - Farkas Bolyai, Hungarian mathematician (b. 1775)
- 1894 – Anton Rubinstein, Russian pianist and composer (b. 1829)
- 1907 – Paula Modersohn-Becker, German painter (b. 1876)
- 1910 – Leo Tolstoy, Russian writer (b. 1828)
- 1925 – Alexandra of Denmark, Queen of the United Kingdom (b. 1844)
- 1936 – Buenaventura Durruti, Spanish anarchist (b. 1896)
- 1936 – Jose Antonio Primo de Rivera, Spanish politician (b. 1903)
- 1938 - Enzo Matsunaga, Japanese writer (b. 1895)
- 1938 – Maud of Wales, Queen of Norway (b. 1869)
- 1945 – Francis William Aston, British chemist (b. 1877)
- 1950 - Francesco Gilea, Italian composer (b. 1866)
- 1952 - Benedetto Croce, Italian philosopher (b. 1866)
- 1975 – Francisco Franco, Spanish dictator (b. 1892)
- 1978 - Giorgio de Chirico, Italian-Greek painter (b. 1888)
- 1980 – John McEwen, 18th Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1900)
- 1984 - Kristian Djurhuus, 2nd Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands (b. 1895)
- 1984 - Faiz Ahmed Faiz, Pakistani poet (b. 1911)
- 1999 – Amintore Fanfani, Italian Prime Minister (b. 1908)
- 2003 – David Dacko, Central African politician (b. 1930)
- 2003 - Robert Addie, British actor (b. 1960)
- 2005 - Chris Whitley, American musician (b. 1960)
- 2006 – Robert Altman, American director (b. 1925)
- 2007 – Ian Smith, Rhodesian politician (b. 1919)
- 2009 – Lino Lacedelli, Italian mountaineer (b. 1925)
