October 12
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
October 12 is the 285th day of the year (286th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 80 days remaining until the end of the year.
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Births [change]
- 1006 – Emperor Go-Ichijo of Japan (d. 1036).
- 1350 – Dmitry Donskoy, Prince of Moscow (d. 1389).
- 1490 – Bernardo Pisano, Italian composer (d. 1548).
- 1537 – Lady Jane Grey, Queen of England for nine days (d. 1554).
- 1537 – King Edward VI of England (d. 1553).
- 1558 – Archduke Maximilian II of Austria (d. 1618).
- 1576 – Thomas Dudley, English-born American colonial magistrate (d. 1653).
- 1710 – Jonathan Trumbull, 16th Governor of Connecticut (d. 1785).
- 1792 – Christian Gmelin, German chemist (d. 1860).
- 1798 – Pedro I, Emperor of Brazil (d. 1834).
- 1801 – Friedrich Frey-Herose, Swiss statesman (d. 1873).
- 1812 – Ascanio Sobrero, Italian chemist and inventor (d. 1888).
- 1815 – William G. Hardee, American Confederate general (d. 1873).
- 1834 – Infanta Amelia Philippina of Spain (d. 1905).
- 1840 – Helena Modjeska, Polish actress (d. 1909).
- 1853 – Edward F. Dunne, Governor of Illinois (d. 1937).
- 1855 – Arthur Nikisch, Hungarian conductor (d. 1922).
- 1860 – Elmer Ambrose Sperry, American inventor (d. 1930).
- 1865 – Arthur Harden, English chemist (d. 1940).
- 1866 – Ramsay MacDonald, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1937).
- 1872 – Ralph Vaughan Williams, English composer (d. 1958)
- 1875 – Aleister Crowley, English occultist and writer (d. 1947).
- 1880 – Louis Hemon, French novelist (d. 1913).
- 1887 – Howard Mason Gore, Governor of West Virginia (d. 1947).
- 1891 – Edith Stein, Roman Catholic nun (d. 1942).
- 1891 – Fumimaro Konoe, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1945).
- 1894 – Elisabeth of Romania (d. 1956).
- 1896 – Eugenio Montale, Italian poet (d. 1981).
- 1904 – Ding Ling, Chinese writer (d. 1986).
- 1906 – Joe Cronin, American baseball player and executive (d. 1984).
- 1910 – Robert Fitzgerald, American poet and translator (d. 1985).
- 1917 – Roque Maspoli, Uruguayan footballer (d. 2004).
- 1920 – Christopher Soames, Baron Soames, British politician (d. 1987).
- 1921 – Art Clokey, American animator (d. 2010).
- 1924 – Doris Grau, American actress (d. 1995).
- 1929 – Magnus Magnusson, Icelandic-British television presenter (d. 2007).
- 1931 – Ole-Johan Dahl, Norwegian computer scientist (d. 2002).
- 1932 – Dick Gregory, American comedian and activist.
- 1934 – Thomas L. Judge, Governor of Montana (d. 2006).
- 1935 – Luciano Pavarotti, Italian opera singer (d. 2007).
- 1938 – Bob Miller, American NHL broadcaster.
- 1943 – Jakob Kuhn, Swiss footballer and coach.
- 1944 – Angela Rippon, British television journalist.
- 1946 – Rosanna Marani, Italian journalist and television host.
- 1948 – Rick Parfitt, British musician (Status Quo).
- 1948 – John Engler, former Governor of Missouri.
- 1949 – Carlos the Jackal, Venezuelan terrorist.
- 1950 – Dave Freudenthal, 31st Governor of Wyoming.
- 1955 – Einar Jan Aas, Norwegian footballer.
- 1955 – Aggie MacKenzie, Scottish television presenter.
- 1956 – David Vanian, British singer (The Damned).
- 1958 – Bryn Merrick, British musician (The Damned).
- 1960 – Alexei Kudrin, Russian politician.
- 1962 – Branko Crvenkovski, former President of the Republic of Macedonia.
- 1962 – Chris Botti, American jazz trumpeter.
- 1963 – Satoshi Kon, Japanese movie director and screenwriter (d. 2010).
- 1963 – Alan McDonald, Northern Irish footballer (d. 2012).
- 1966 – Rhona Martin, Scottish curler.
- 1966 – Brian Kennedy, Northern Irish musician and actor.
- 1966 – Roberto Nestor Sensini, Argentine footballer.
- 1968 – Hugh Jackman, Australian actor.
- 1969 – Martie Maguire, American musician (Dixie Chicks).
- 1969 – Zejko Milinovic, Slovenian footballer.
- 1970 – Kirk Cameron, American actor.
- 1973 – Martin Corry, English rugby player.
- 1974 – Lascelles Brown, Jamaican-Canadian bobsledder.
- 1974 – Stephen Lee, English snooker player.
- 1975 – Marion Jones, American athlete.
- 1977 – Jessica Barker, Canadian actress.
- 1977 – Bode Miller, American skier.
- 1980 – Nadzeya Ostapchuk, Belarussian shot putter.
- 1980 – Ledley King, English footballer.
- 1981 – Shola Ameobi, English footballer.
- 1986 – Tyler Blackburn, American actor and singer.
- 1987 – Besian Idrizaj, Austrian footballer (d. 2010).
- 1988 – Sam Whitelock, New Zealand rugby player.
- 1992 – Josh Hutcherson, American actor.
- 1995 – Jordan Howe, Welsh paralympic athlete.
Deaths [change]
- 322 BC – Demosthenes, Greek statesman (b. 384 BC).
- 632 – Edwin of Northumbria (b. 586).
- 638 – Pope Honorius I
- 642 – Pope John IV
- 1095 – Leopold II of Austria (b. 1050).
- 1576 – Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1527).
- 1600 – Luis Molina, Spanish Jesuit (b. 1535).
- 1730 – Frederick IV of Denmark (b. 1671).
- 1845 – Elizabeth Fry, British social reformer and philanthropist (b. 1780).
- 1850 – Pedro de Sousa Holstein, 1st Duke of Palmela, Prime Minister of Portugal (b. 1781).
- 1870 – Robert E. Lee, American Confederate General (b. 1807).
- 1891 – Hobart B. Bigelow, Governor of Connecticut (b. 1834).
- 1896 – Christian Emil Krag-Juel-Vind-Frijs, Danish nobleman and politician (b. 1817).
- 1915 – Edith Cavell, English nurse (b. 1865).
- 1920 – Yu Gwan-sun, Korean independence leader (b. 1904).
- 1921 – Philander C. Knox, United States Secretary of State (b. 1853).
- 1924 – Anatole France, French writer (b. 1844).
- 1933 – John Lister, English politician (b. 1847).
- 1943 – Willi Graf, German Resistance activist (b. 1918).
- 1946 – Joseph Stilwell, American general (b. 1883).
- 1956 – Lorenzo Perosi, Italian composer (b. 1872).
- 1965 – Paul Hermann Mueller, Swiss chemist (b. 1899).
- 1969 – Sonja Henie, Norwegian figure skater (b. 1912).
- 1970 – Mustafa Zaidi, Pakistani poet (b. 1930).
- 1971 – Dean Acheson, American politician (b. 1893).
- 1973 – Peter Aufschnaiter, Austrian mountaineer (b. 1899).
- 1980 – Alberto Demicheli, Uruguayan politician (b. 1896).
- 1987 – Alf Landon, American politician (b. 1887).
- 1993 – Leon Ames, American actor (b. 1902).
- 1996 – Rene Lacoste, French tennis player (b. 1904).
- 1997 – John Denver, American singer (b. 1943).
- 1998 – Matthew Shepard, American murder victim (b. 1976).
- 1998 – Bryn Richards English singer/songwriter
- 1999 – Wilt Chamberlain, American basketball player (b. 1936).
- 2002 – Ray Conniff, American bandleader and musician (b. 1916).
- 2002 – Audrey Mestre, French diver (b. 1974).
- 2003 – Willie Shoemaker, American jockey (b. 1931).
- 2006 – Gillo Pontecorvo, Italian movie director (b. 1919).
- 2007 – Kisho Kurokawa, Japanese architect (b. 1934).
- 2009 – Frank Vandenbroucke, Belgian cyclist (b. 1974).
- 2010 – Manuel Alexandre, Spanish actor (b. 1917).
- 2011 – Dennis Ritchie, American computer scientist (b. 1941).
Events [change]
- 593 BC – The army of Cyrus the Great of Persia takes Babylon.
- 1216 – King John of England loses his own crown jewels in The Wash.
- 1492 – In his first voyage, Christopher Columbus lands in the present-day Bahamas, in the belief that he'd reached East Asia.
- 1654 – An explosion devastates the city of Delft, Netherlands, killing over 100 people.
- 1692 – The Salem Witch Trials are ended by a letter from Massachusetts Governor William Phips.
- 1792 – First US celebration of Columbus Day, in New York.
- 1799 – Jeanne Genevieve Labrosse becomes the first woman to jump from a balloon with a parachute.
- 1810 – The tradition of the Munich Oktoberfest begins.
- 1822 – Pedro I of Brazil is proclaimed Emperor.
- 1823 – Charles Macintosh, of Scotland, sells the first raincoat.
- 1892 – The Pledge of Allegiance is first recited by students in many public schools.
- 1901 – The 'Executive Mansion' is renamed the White House by US President Theodore Roosevelt.
- 1915 – World War I: British nurse Edith Cavell is executed by a German firing squad.
- 1917 – World War I: The first Battle of Passchendaele takes place.
- 1918 – A massive forest fire kills 453 people in Minnesota.
- 1931 – The Christ the Redeemer statue on Sugar Loaf Mountain over Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, is officially inaugurated.
- 1944 – World War II: Athens, Greece, is liberated from occupying German forces.
- 1962 – A storm hits the Pacific Northwest of the United States, killing 46 people.
- 1964 – The Soviet Union launches Voskhod 1 into Earth orbit as the first spacecraft with a multi-person crew.
- 1968 – Equatorial Guinea becomes independent from Spain.
- 1968 – The 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City begin.
- 1970 – Vietnam War: Richard Nixon announces the withdrawal of 40,000 US troops before Christmas.
- 1983 – Prime Minister of Japan Tanaka Kakuei is found guilty of bribery and sent to four years in jail.
- 1984 – The Provisional IRA carries out the Brighton Hotel Bombing in an attempt to kill Margaret Thatcher, who escapes unhurt, though 5 people are killed and 31 injured.
- 1986 – Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh visit the People's Republic of China.
- 1991 – Askar Akayev is confirmed as President of Kyrgyzstan.
- 1992 – A magnitude 5.8 earthquake in Cairo, Egypt kills 510 people.
- 1994 – NASA loses radio contact with the Magellan spacecraft as it passes through the atmosphere of the planet Venus, probably because of the extreme gravity there.
- 1997 – Sidi Daous massacre occurs in Algeria, as 43 people are killed at a fake roadblock.
- 1999 – In Pakistan, Pervez Musharraf takes control in a military coup. Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif is placed under house arrest.
- 1999 – Abkhazia declares independence from Georgia.
- 1999 – The UN officially designates this as the day that the world population reached six billion.
- 2000 – The USS Cole is badly damaged in Aden, Yemen, by two suicide bombers.
- 2002 – A terrorist bombing on the Indonesian island of Bali kills 202 people.
- 2005 – The second Chinese space flight occurs as Shenzhou 6 is launched, with Fei Junlong and Nie Haisheng on board.
- 2007 – Al Gore and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change win the Nobel Peace Prize.
- 2012 – The European Union wins the Nobel Peace Prize.
Observances [change]
- Many observances relating to Christopher Columbus reaching the Caribbean, celebrated around the Americas and Spain.
- Independence Day (Equatorial Guinea).
