November 11
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
November 11 is the 315th day of the year (316th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 50 days remaining until the end of the year.
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Events [change]
- 1620 – In what is now Provincetown Harbor near Cape Cod, the Mayflower Compact is signed on the Mayflower, establishing the basic laws for the Plymouth Colony.
- 1648 – France and the Netherlands agree to divide the island of Sint Maarten/Saint Martin.
- 1675 – Gottfried Leibniz demonstrated integral calculus for the first time to find the area under the y=x function.
- 1675 – Guru Gobind Singh becomes the Tenth Guru of the Sikhs.
- 1839 – The Virginia Military Institute is founded in Lexington, Virginia.
- 1864 – American Civil War: Union General William Tecumseh Sherman begins burning Atlanta, Georgia to the ground in preparation for his march south.
- 1880 – Australian bushranger and bank robber Ned Kelly is hung in Melbourne.
- 1889 – Washington is admitted as the 42nd U.S. state.
- 1918 – World War I ends: Germany signs an armistice agreement with the Allies in a railroad car outside of Compiègne in France.
- 1918 – Józef Piłsudski comes to Warsaw and assumes supreme military power in Poland.
- 1918 – Emperor Charles I of Austria abdicates.
- 1921 – The Tomb of the Unknowns is dedicated by US President Warren G. Harding at Arlington National Cemetery.
- 1930 - Patent number US1781541 is awarded to Albert Einstein and Leo Szilard for their invention, the Einstein refrigerator.
- 1940 – World War II: The Royal Navy launches the first aircraft carrier strike in history, on the Italian fleet at Taranto.
- 1960 - In South Vietnam, a coup against Ngo Dinh Diem is crushed.
- 1965 – Rhodesia (now called Zimbabwe) was declared independent by the white minority regime of Ian Smith.
- 1966 – NASA launches spaceship Gemini 12.
- 1967 – Vietnam War: In a propaganda ceremony in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, three American prisoners of war are released by the NLF and turned over to "new left" antiwar activist Tom Hayden.
- 1968 – Vietnam War: Operation Commando Hunt initiated. The goal was to interdict men and supplies on the Ho Chi Minh Trail, through Laos into South Vietnam.
- 1968 – A second republic is declared in Maldives.
- 1972 – Vietnam War: Vietnamization – The United States Army turns over the massive Long Binh military base to South Vietnam.
- 1975 – Angola becomes independent from Portugal, with Agostinho Neto as President.
- 1975 – Australian Governor-General Sir John Kerr dismisses the government of Gough Whitlam and commissions Malcolm Fraser as Prime Minister.
- 1978 – Maumoon Gayoom succeeds Ibrahim Nasir as the president of the Republic of Maldives.
- 1978 – A renovated Hollywood sign is unveiled, replacing the older version that was built in 1923.
- 1981 - Antigua and Barbuda joins the UN.
- 1986 – Sperry Rand and Burroughs merge to form Unisys. They become the second largest computer company.
- 1992 – The Church of England votes to allow women to become priests.
- 1997 – Mary McAleese was inaugurated as the eighth President of Ireland.
- 2000 – In Kaprun, Austria, 155 skiers and snowboarders die when a cable car catches fire in an alpine tunnel.
- 2004 – New Zealand Tomb of the Unknown Warrior dedicated at the National War Memorial, Wellington
- 2004 – Mahmoud Abbas is elected chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization minutes after the death of Yasser Arafat.
- 2004 – Official Guided by Voices Day in San Diego, California.
- 2004 – Mary McAleese was inaugurated for a second term as President of Ireland.
- 2008 – The ship RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 sets sail for its last voyage.
- 2008 – Mohamed Nasheed succeeds Maumoon Gayoom as President of Maldives.
- 2011 – Michael D. Higgins is inaugurated as President of Ireland.
Births [change]
- 995 - Gisela of Swabia (d. 1041)
- 1050 – Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1106)
- 1154 – King Sancho I of Portugal (d. 1212)
- 1155 – King Alfonso VIII of Castile (d. 1214)
- 1441 – Charlotte of Savoy, Queen of France (d. 1483)
- 1491 - Martin Bucer, Alsatian theologian and religious reformer (d. 1551)
- 1493 – Paracelsus, Swiss physician, alchemist and mystic (d. 1541)
- 1493 - Bernardo Tasso, Italian poet (d. 1569)
- 1569 - Martin Ruland the Younger, German physician and alchemist (d. 1611)
- 1579 - Frans Snyders, Flemish painter (d. 1657)
- 1599 - Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg, Queen of Sweden (d. 1655)
- 1668 – Johann Albert Fabricius, German scholar and bibliographer (d. 1736)
- 1733 - Philip John Schuyler, American politician and soldier (d. 1804)
- 1743 - Carl Peter Thunberg, Swedish naturalist (d. 1828)
- 1744 – Abigail Adams, First Lady of the United States (d. 1818)
- 1748 - King Charles IV of Spain (d. 1819)
- 1758 - Caleb P. Bennett, Governor of Delaware (d. 1836)
- 1799 - Charles Bent, Territorial Governor of New Mexico (d. 1847)
- 1821 – Fyodor Dostoevsky, Russian writer (d. 1881)
- 1835 – Matthias Jochumsson, Icelandic poet (d. 1920)
- 1858 - Marie Bashkirtseff, Russian painter (d. 1884)
- 1863 – Paul Signac, French painter (d. 1935)
- 1864 – Alfred Hermann Fried, Austrian pacifist (d. 1921)
- 1869 – Gaetano Bresci, Italian anarchist (d. 1901)
- 1869 – Vittorio Emanuele III, King of Italy (d. 1947)
- 1872 - Maude Adams, American actress (d. 1953)
- 1872 - David I. Walsh, 46th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1947)
- 1882 – Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden (d. 1973)
- 1885 – George S. Patton, American general (d. 1945)
- 1888 - Abul Kalam Azad, Indian independence activist (d. 1958)
- 1891 - Rabbit Maranville, American baseball player (d. 1954)
- 1894 - Beverly Bayne, American silent film actress (d. 1982)
- 1896 - Lucky Luciano, Italian-born American gangster (d. 1962)
- 1898 - Rene Clair, French film director (d. 1981)
- 1899 - Pat O'Brien, American film actor (d. 1983)
- 1901 – Magda Goebbels, wife of Joseph Goebbels (d. 1945)
- 1901 – Sam Spiegel, Austrian-American film director (d. 1985)
- 1904 – Alger Hiss, American government official and spy (d. 1996)
- 1910 - Carl A. Wirtanen, American astronomer (d. 1990)
- 1911 – Roberto Matta, Chilean painter (d. 2002)
- 1915 - Anna Schwartz, American economist and author (d. 2012)
- 1920 – Roy Jenkins, British politician (d. 2003)
- 1922 – Kurt Vonnegut, American novelist (d. 2007)
- 1925 – June Whitfield, British actress
- 1925 - Jonathan Winters, American comedy actor
- 1926 - Harry Lumley, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1998)
- 1928 – Carlos Fuentes, Mexican writer (d. 2012)
- 1929 – Hans Magnus Enzensberger, German writer
- 1930 – Hugh Everett, American physicist (d. 1982)
- 1932 - Germano Mosconi, Italian journalist
- 1936 - Mala Sinha, Bollywood film actress
- 1938 - Haruhiro Yamashita, Japanese gymnast
- 1940 - Barbara Boxer, American politician and United States Senator for California
- 1944 – Kemal Sunal, Turkish actor
- 1945 – Daniel Ortega, President of Nicaragua
- 1945 - Vince Martell, American musician
- 1948 - Rene Harris, President of Nauru (d. 2008)
- 1951 – Kim Peek, American megasavant (d. 2009)
- 1951 - Fuzzy Zoeller, American golfer
- 1953 - Marshall Crenshaw, American rock music singer
- 1960 - Marcel Koller, Swiss footballer and coach
- 1960 - Stanley Tucci, American actor and director
- 1962 – James Morrison, Australian musician
- 1962 – Demi Moore, American actress
- 1964 – Calista Flockhart, American actress
- 1966 - Benedicta Baccoli, Italian actress
- 1970 – Lee Battersby, Australian author
- 1973 - Jason White, American musician (Green Day)
- 1974 – Leonardo DiCaprio, American actor
- 1977 – Ben Hollioake, English cricketer (d. 2002)
- 1977 – Maniche, Portuguese footballer
- 1978 - Ludmilla Radchenko, Russian actress
- 1978 – Erik Edman, Swedish footballer
- 1981 – Guillaume, Hereditary Grand Duke of Luxembourg
- 1981 – Raphael Gualazzi, Italian pianist and singer
- 1981 – Natalie Glebova, Russian-Canadian beauty queen, Miss Universe 2005
- 1982 - Gonzalo Canale, Argentine-born Italian rugby player
- 1983 – Philipp Lahm, German footballer
- 1986 – Francois Trinh-Duc, French rugby player
- 1989 – Reina Tanaka, Japanese singer (Morning Musume)
- 1989 - Adam Rippon, American figure skater
- 1994 - Ellie Simmonds, British Paralympic swimmer
Deaths [change]
- 1686 – Otto von Guericke, German scientist, inventor and politician (b. 1602)
- 1724 - Joseph Blake, English outlaw and highwayman (b. 1700)
- 1831 – Nat Turner, American slave rebel (b. 1800)
- 1855 – Søren Kierkegaard, Danish philosopher (b. 1813)
- 1861 – King Pedro V of Portugal (b. 1837)
- 1880 – Ned Kelly, Australian bushranger (b. 1855)
- 1880 – Lucretia Mott, American feminist and abolitionist (b. 1793)
- 1917 – Liliuokalani, Queen of Hawaii (b. 1838)
- 1918 – George Lawrence Price, Canadian soldier (b. 1892)
- 1918 - Victor Adler, Austrian politician (b. 1852)
- 1919 - Pavel Chistyakov, Russian painter (b. 1832)
- 1939 - Jan Opletal, Czech student (b. 1915)
- 1945 – Jerome Kern, American composer (b. 1885)
- 1948 - Fred Niblo, American film actor, director and producer (b. 1874)
- 1950 - Alexandros Diomidis, Grrek banker and statesman (b. 1875)
- 1968 – Jeanne Demessieux, French composer (b. 1921)
- 1972 - Berry Oakley, American musician (b. 1948)
- 1973 – Artturi Ilmari Virtanen, Finnish chemist (b. 1895)
- 1976 – Alexander Calder, American artist (b. 1898)
- 1984 - Martin Luther King, Sr., American civil rights figure (b. 1899)
- 1985 – Pelle Lindbergh, Swedish ice hockey player (b. 1959)
- 1990 – Yiannis Ritsos, Greek poet (b. 1909)
- 1993 - Erskine Hawkins, American trumpeter and big band leader (b. 1914)
- 1994 – Pedro Zamora, Cuban-American AIDS activist (b. 1972)
- 1997 - Rod Milburn, American athlete (b. 1950)
- 1999 – Vivian Fuchs, British geologist and polar explorer (b. 1908)
- 2004 – Yasser Arafat, President of the Palestinian Authority (b. 1929)
- 2004 – Richard Dembo, French director and screenwriter (b. 1948)
- 2005 – Patrick Anson, 5th Earl of Lichfield, British photographer (b. 1939)
- 2012 - Rex Hunt, former British Governor of the Falkland Islands (b. 1926)
Observances [change]
- Christian feast day of Martin of Tours (St. Martin)
- Remembrance Day (some English-speaking countries)
- Veterans Day (United States)
- Independence Day (Poland, Angola)
