November 18
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
November 18 is the 322nd day of the year (323rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 43 days remaining until the end of the year.
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Events [change]
- 1095 – The Council of Clermont, called by Pope Urban II to discuss sending the First Crusade to the Holy Land, begins.
- 1302 – Pope Boniface VIII issues the Papal bull Unam sanctam ("The One Holy").
- 1307 – According to legend, William Tell shoots an apple off of his son's head.
- 1421 – A seawall at the Zuiderzee dike breaks, flooding 72 villages and killing about 10,000 people in the Netherlands.
- 1493 – Christopher Columbus first sights what is now Puerto Rico.
- 1738 - Augustus III is decided as the King of Poland, as the Peace of Vienna ends the War of the Polish Succession.
- 1803 – The Battle of Vertières, the last major battle of the Haitian Revolution, is fought, leading to the establishment of the Republic of Haiti, the first black republic in the Western Hemisphere.
- 1883 – American and Canadian railroads institute five standard continental time zones, ending the confusion of thousands of local times.
- 1903 – The Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty is signed by the United States and Panama, giving the Americans exclusive rights over the Panama Canal Zone.
- 1904 – General Esteban Huertas steps down after the government of Panama fears he wants to stage a coup.
- 1905 – Prince Carl of Denmark becomes King Haakon VII of Norway.
- 1905 - British steamship Hilda strikes a reef off Brittany and sinks during a snowstorm, killing 125 people.
- 1918 – Latvia declares its independence from Russia.
- 1926 – George Bernard Shaw refuses to accept the money for his Nobel Prize, saying, "I can forgive Alfred Nobel for inventing dynamite, but only a fiend in human form could have invented the Nobel Prize."
- 1926 - Dominions of the British Empire are recognised as independent states.
- 1928 – Release of the animated short Steamboat Willie, the first fully synchronized sound cartoon, directed by Walt Disney and Ub Iwerks, featuring the second appearances of cartoon stars Mickey Mouse and Minnie Mouse. This is also considered by the Disney corporation to be Mickey's birthday.
- 1936 - Germany and Italy recognise the government of Francisco Franco in Spain.
- 1939 - Dutch ocean steamer Simon Bolivar runs over a German minefield near Harwich, exploding twice before sinking, killing 102 people.
- 1940 – German leader Adolf Hitler and Italian Foreign Minister Galeazzo Ciano meet to discuss Benito Mussolini's disastrous invasion of Greece.
- 1943 – World War II: 440 Royal Air Force planes bomb Berlin causing only light damage and killing 131. The RAF lost nine aircraft and 53 air crew.
- 1944 - The Popular Socialist Youth is founded in Cuba.
- 1976 - The parliament of Spain passes a bill allowing the creation of democracy in the country.
- 1978 – In Guyana, Jim Jones leads his Peoples Temple cult in a mass murder-suicide. 918 people died, 909 of them at Jonestown itself, including over 270 children. A few hours earlier, United States Congressman Leo Ryan, visiting to investigate the cult, was shot dead.
- 1987 – In London, 31 people die in a fire at the city's busiest underground station at King's Cross St Pancras.
- 1987 - The United States Congress issues the final report on the Iran Contra Affair.
- 1988 – U.S. President Ronald Reagan signs a bill into law allowing the death penalty for murder in regards to drug traffickers.
- 1991 – Church of England envoy Terry Waite and American academic Thomas Sutherland are released in Lebanon, where they had been held hostage; Waite since 1987 and Sutherland since 1985.
- 1991 - After an 87-day siege, the town of Vukovar, Croatia, surrenders to the besieging Yugoslav People's Army and allied Serbian paramilitary forces.
- 1993 – In South Africa, 21 political parties approve a new constitution.
- 2000 – Catherine Zeta-Jones and Michael Douglas marry.
- 2002 – United Nations weapons inspectors led by Hans Blix arrive in Iraq.
- 2004 – Russia officially ratifies the Kyoto Protocol.
- 2006 - Tom Cruise and Katie Holmes marry in Italy. Their marriage ends in divorce in 2012.
Births [change]
- 709 - Emperor Konin of Japan (d. 782)
- 1522 - Lamoral, Count of Egmont, Flemish general and statesman (d. 1568)
- 1527 - Luca Cambiasi, Italian painter (d. 1585)
- 1630 – Eleanor Gonzaga, Holy Roman Empress (d. 1686)
- 1647 – Pierre Bayle, French philosopher (d. 1706)
- 1736 – Anton Graff, Swiss painter (d. 1813)
- 1743 – Johannes Ewald, Danish playwright (d. 1781)
- 1756 - Thomas Burgess, English author, philosopher and religious figure (d. 1837)
- 1772 – Prince Louis Ferdinand of Prussia (d. 1806)
- 1774 – Princess Wilhelmine of Prussia (d. 1837)
- 1785 - David Wilkie, Scottish painter (d. 1844)
- 1786 – Carl Maria von Weber, German composer (d. 1826)
- 1787 – Louis Daguerre, French artist and physicist (d. 1851)
- 1804 - Alfonso Ferrero la Marmora, Italian general and statesman (d. 1878)
- 1810 - Asa Gray, American botanist (d. 1888)
- 1832 – Adolf Erik Nordenskiold, Finnish-Swedish explorer (d. 1901)
- 1836 – W. S. Gilbert, British philosopher (d. 1911)
- 1860 - Ignacy Jan Paderewski, Polish composer (d. 1941)
- 1861 - Dorothy Dix, American journalist (d. 1951)
- 1873 - Arthur J. Weaver, Governor of Nebraska (d. 1945)
- 1874 - Clarence Day, American writer (d. 1935)
- 1877 – Arthur Cecil Pigou, British economist (d. 1959)
- 1882 - Wyndham Lewis, British writer and painter (d. 1957)
- 1882 - Jacques Maritain, French philosopher (d. 1973)
- 1882 - Amelita Galli-Curci, Italian soprano (d. 1959)
- 1883 – Carl Vinson, American politician (d. 1981)
- 1888 – Frances Marion, American screenwriter and director (d. 1973)
- 1889 - Stanislav Kosior, Polish-born Soviet politician (d. 1939)
- 1891 - Gio Ponti, Italian architect (d. 1979)
- 1897 – Patrick Blackett, Baron Blackett, British physicist (d. 1974)
- 1898 - Joris Ivens, Dutch filmmaker (d. 1989)
- 1899 - Eugene Ormandy, Hungarian-born American violinist and conductor (d. 1985)
- 1901 – George Gallup, American statistician and pollster (d. 1984)
- 1906 – Alec Issigonis, Greek-British car designer (d. 1988)
- 1906 – Klaus Mann, German writer (d. 1949)
- 1906 – George Wald, American scientist (d. 1997)
- 1907 – Compay Segundo, Cuban musician (Buena Vista Social Club) (d. 2003)
- 1909 - Johnny Mercer, American lyricist (d. 1976)
- 1911 - Attilio Bertolucci, Italian poet and writer (d. 2000)
- 1913 - Endre Rozsda, French surrealist painter (d. 1999)
- 1915 - Ken Burkhart, American baseball player and umpire (d. 2004)
- 1919 - Jocelyn Brando, American actress (d. 2005)
- 1920 – Mustafa Khalil, 77th Prime Minister of Egypt (d. 2008)
- 1922 - Luis Somoza Debayle, President of Nicaragua (d. 1967)
- 1923 – Alan Shepard, American astronaut, first American to travel into space (d. 1998)
- 1923 – Ted Stevens, American politician (d. 2010)
- 1927 – Hank Ballard, American musician (d. 2003)
- 1928 - Sheila Jordan, American jazz singer
- 1934 - Vassilis Vassilikos, Greek writer and diplomat
- 1936 – Don Cherry, American jazz trumpeter (d. 1995)
- 1938 - Eugenio Montejo, Venezuelan writer, poet and diplomat (d. 2008)
- 1939 – Margaret Atwood, Canadian writer
- 1940 – Qaboos bin Said al Said, Sultan of Oman
- 1942 – Linda Evans, American actress
- 1944 – Wolfgang Joop, German fashion designer
- 1945 - Wilma Mankiller, American tribal chief (d. 2010)
- 1945 – Mahinda Rajapaksa, President of Sri Lanka
- 1946 - Alan Dean Foster, American fantasy and science fiction author
- 1950 - Graham Parker, American singer
- 1950 - Rudy Sarzo, Cuban-born American musician
- 1952 – Harald Konopka, German footballer
- 1953 – Alan Moore, British author
- 1953 - Kevin Nealon, American actor and comedian
- 1956 - Warren Moon, American football player
- 1958 - David Brailovsky, Argentine footballer
- 1960 – Elizabeth Perkins, American actress
- 1960 – Kim Wilde, British singer
- 1962 – Kirk Hammett, American guitarist (Metallica)
- 1963 – Peter Schmeichel, Danish footballer
- 1967 - Gavin Peacock, English footballer
- 1968 – Owen Wilson, American actor
- 1968 - Gary Sheffield, American baseball player
- 1969 - Duncan Sheik, rock music singer
- 1973 – Darko Kovacevic, Serbian footballer
- 1974 - Chloe Sevigny, American actress
- 1975 - Anthony McPartlin, English actor and television presenter (Ant and Dec)
- 1975 - David Ortiz, baseball player
- 1976 – Shagrath, Norwegian singer (Dimmu Borgir)
- 1977 - Fabolous, American rapper
- 1980 - Minori Chihara, Japanese singer
- 1980 – Francois Duval, French rally driver
- 1980 – Junichi Okada, Japanese singer
- 1980 - Maggie Stiefvater, American author
- 1980 - Hamza al-Ghamdi, Saudi Arabian terrorist (d. 2001)
- 1981 - Christina Vidal, American actress
- 1983 – Michael Dawson, English footballer
- 1984 – Johnny Christ (Real name: Jonathan Lewis Seward), American bassist of Avenged Sevenfold
- 1985 - Allyson Felix, American athlete
- 1987 – Jake Abel, American actor
- 1988 - Michael Roach, American soccer player
- 1989 - Natalie Osman, American professional wrestler
- 1991 - Noppawan Lertcheewakarn, Thai tennis player
- 1992 – Nathan Kress, American actor
Deaths [change]
- 1154 - Adelaide de Maurienne, Queen of France (b. 1092)
- 1170 - Albert the Bear, Brandenburg nobleman (b. 1100)
- 1305 - John II, Duke of Brittany (b. 1239)
- 1785 – Louis Philippe I, French soldier and writer (b. 1725)
- 1814 - William Jessop, British civil engineer (b. 1745)
- 1827 – Wilhelm Hauff, German poet (b. 1802)
- 1830 - Adam Weishaupt, German founder of the Illuminati
- 1841 - Agustin Gamarra, President of Peru
- 1886 – Chester A. Arthur, 21st President of the United States (b. 1829)
- 1920 – Matthias Jochumsson, Icelandic poet (b. 1835)
- 1922 – Marcel Proust, French writer (b. 1871)
- 1941 – Walther Nernst, German chemist (b. 1864)
- 1941 – Chris Watson, third Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1867)
- 1962 – Niels Bohr, Danish physicist, Nobel Prize winner (b. 1885)
- 1965 – Henry A. Wallace, Vice President of the United States (b. 1888)
- 1969 - Joseph P. Kennedy, Sr., American businessman and father of John F. Kennedy (b. 1888)
- 1972 - Danny Whitten, American musician (b. 1843)
- 1973 – Alois Haba, Czech composer (b. 1893)
- 1976 – Man Ray, American artist (b. 1890)
- 1977 – Kurt Schuschnigg, Austrian politician (b. 1897)
- 1978 – Leo Ryan, United States Congressman (b. 1925)
- 1978 – Jim Jones, American cult leader (suicide) (b. 1931)
- 1979 - Freddie Fitzsimmons, American baseball player (b. 1901)
- 1987 – Jacques Anquetil, French cyclist (b. 1934)
- 1991 – Gustav Husak, Czechoslovakian politician (b. 1913)
- 1994 – Cab Calloway, American musician (b. 1907)
- 1998 - Aurelio de Lira Tavares, President of Brazil (b. 1905)
- 1999 – Paul Bowles, American writer (b. 1910)
- 2002 – James Coburn, American actor (b. 1928)
- 2004 - Cy Coleman, American composer, songwriter and pianist (b. 1929)
- 2009 – Jeanne-Claude, French artist (b. 1935)
- 2009 - Red Robbins, American basketball player (b. 1944)
- 2010 - Brian G. Marsden, British astronomer (b. 1937)
- 2010 - Gaye Stewart, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1923)
- 2011 - Walt Hazzard, American basketball player (b. 1942)
