March 19
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
March 19 is the 78th day of the year (79th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 287 days remaining until the end of the year.
March 19 is usually the last day of the winter season in the Northern Hemisphere, and the last day of the summer season in the Southern Hemisphere.
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Events [change]
- 1279 – A Mongolian victory in the Battle of Yamen ends the rule of the Song Dynasty in China.
- 1452 - Frederick, Holy Roman Emperor is crowned in Rome.
- 1563 - The Edict of Amboise is signed, granting some freedoms to Huguenots in France.
- 1649 - The English House of Commons passes an act banning the House of Lords.
- 1808 - Charles IV of Spain abdicates the throne, but soon becomes King again because of the Napoleonic Wars.
- 1812 - The Cadiz Cortes declare the Spanish Constitution of 1812.
- 1848 – March Revolution in Berlin.
- 1853 - The Taiping reform movement occupies and makes Nanjing in China its capital city until 1864.
- 1861 – The first Taranaki War ends in New Zealand.
- 1863 - American Civil War: The Confederate cruiser SS Georgiana is destroyed on its first voyage. It is re-discovered 102 years later.
- 1865 - American Civil War: The Battle of Bentonville begins in North Carolina.
- 1885 - Louis Riel declares a provisional government in Saskatchewan, Canada, starting the Northwest Rebellion.
- 1895 - The Lumiere brothers record their first cinematograph footage.
- 1915 – Pluto is photographed for the first time, but is not considered as a planet.
- 1918 – US Congress establishes Time Zones and Daylight Saving Time.
- 1920 - The United States Senate rejects the Treaty of Versailles for a second time.
- 1921 - Irish War of Independence: In Crossbarry, County Cork, Ireland, over 100 IRA volunteers escape an attempt by over 1,300 British forces to encircle them.
- 1931 – Gambling is legalised in Nevada.
- 1932 – Sydney Harbour Bridge is opened.
- 1941 - World War II: 99th Pursuit Squadron, Tuskegee Airmen, the first black unit of the United States Army Corps, is activated.
- 1944 - World War II: Nazi forces occupy Hungary.
- 1945 - World War II: Off the coast of Japan, a dive bomber hits aircraft carrier USS Franklin, killing 724 crew members.
- 1946 – French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique and Reunion becomes overseas Departements of France.
- 1954 - Joey Giardello knocks out Willie Tory in round seven at Madison Square Garden in New York City in the first televised prize boxing fight shown in color.
- 1954 - Willie Mosconi sets world record by running 526 balls in a row without a miss. during a straight pool competition at the East High Billiard Club in Springfield, Ohio.
- 1958 - The Monarch Underwear Company fire in Manhattan kills 24 people.
- 1962 – Algerian War of Independence: A ceasefire enters effect.
- 1970 – Chancellor of Germany Willy Brandt meets East Germany's Prime Minister Willi Stoph in Erfurt in an attempt at closer relations.
- 1982 – Argentine forces land on the island of South Georgia, two weeks before the invasion of the Falkland Islands.
- 1996 – Nelson Mandela and Winnie Mandela divorce.
- 2002 – Zimbabwe is suspended from the Commonwealth of Nations over human rights abuses and electoral fraud.
- 2003 - George W. Bush orders the Invasion of Iraq.
- 2004 - President of Taiwan Chen Shui-bian is shot and injured a day before the Presidential election.
- 2004 – A bus crash kills 21 people near Konginkangas, Finland. It is the deadliest road accident in Finnish history.
- 2006 - The Winter Paralympics in Turin end.
- 2006 – In a controversial election, Belarus' President Alexander Lukashenko wins 80% of the vote, leading to demonstrations in Minsk.
- 2011 – By 3,000 miles, the Moon makes its closest approach to Earth in 18 years.
- 2011 – 2011 Libyan protests: UN-authorised military intervention begins against Colonel Muammar al-Gaddafi in Libya.
- 2012 – Four people are killed in a shooting at a Jewish school in Toulouse, France. It is believed to be linked with three murders over the previous week. The attacker, Mohammed Merah, is killed after a stand-off with police three days later.
- 2013 - Over 50 people are killed in bomb attacks in Baghdad, to coincide with the tenth anniversary of the start of the Iraq War.
- 2013 - Inauguration of Pope Francis.
Births [change]
- 968 – Ethelred the Unready, Saxon king (d. 1016)
- 1434 – Ashikaga Yoshikazu, Japanese shogun (d. 1443)
- 1488 – Johannes Magnus, Swedish bishop (d. 1544)
- 1629 – Tsar Alexis of Russia (d. 1676)
- 1661 - Francesco Gasparini, Italian composer and teacher (d. 1727)
- 1734 - Thomas McKean, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (d. 1817)
- 1742 – Tupac Amaru II, Inca revolutionary (d. 1781)
- 1749 – Princess Louisa of Great Britain (d. 1768)
- 1778 – Edward Pakenham, British general (d. 1815)
- 1813 – David Livingstone, Scottish missionary, doctor and explorer (d. 1873)
- 1821 – Richard Francis Burton, English explorer, diplomat and author (d. 1890)
- 1823 - Princess Adelgunde of Bavaria (d. 1914)
- 1824 – William Allingham, Irish author (d. 1889)
- 1829 - Carl Frederik Tietgen, Danish financier and industrialist (d. 1901)
- 1848 – Wyatt Earp, American Western figure (d. 1929)
- 1849 – Alfred von Tirpitz, German admiral (d. 1930)
- 1860 – William Jennings Bryan, United States Secretary of State (d. 1925)
- 1864 - Charles M. Russell, American painter, sculptor, illustrator and writer (d. 1926)
- 1871 – Baroness Mary Vetsera, member of the Austrian nobility (d. 1889)
- 1872 - Anna Held, Polish-born stage performer (d. 1918)
- 1876 – Felix Jacoby, German classical philologist (d. 1959)
- 1883 – Walter Haworth, British chemist (d. 1950)
- 1883 - Joseph Stilwell, American general (d. 1946)
- 1888 – Josef Albers, German artist (d. 1976)
- 1891 – Earl Warren, American politician and jurist (d. 1974)
- 1892 - James Van Fleet, American general (d. 1992)
- 1893 - Jose Maria Velasco Ibarra, President of Ecuador (d. 1979)
- 1900 – Frederic Joliot, French physicist (d. 1958)
- 1902 – Louisa Ghijs, Belgian stage actress (d. 1985)
- 1905 – Albert Speer, Nazi official (d. 1981)
- 1906 – Adolf Eichmann, Nazi official (d. 1962)
- 1909 - Attilio Demaria, Argentine footballer (d. 1990)
- 1909 - Louis Hayward, British actor (d. 1985)
- 1913 - Alexander Pokryshkin, Russian pilot (d. 1985)
- 1914 - Jay Berwanger, American football player (d. 2002)
- 1916 - Irving Wallace, American author and screenwriter
- 1917 - Dinu Lipatti, Romanian pianist and composer (d. 1950)
- 1917 – Laszlo Szabo, Hungarian chess player (d. 1998)
- 1919 - Lennie Tristano, American jazz pianist, composer and educator (d. 1978)
- 1920 – Kjell Aukrust, Norwegian author (d. 2002)
- 1921 – Tommy Cooper, Welsh comedy magician (d. 1984)
- 1923 - Giuseppe Rotunno, Italian cinematographer
- 1924 – Joe Gaetjens, Haitian-American soccer player (d. 1964)
- 1924 - Mary Wimbush, British actress (d. 2005)
- 1927 - Allen Newell, American computer scientist (d. 1992)
- 1928 – Patrick McGoohan, American actor (d. 2009)
- 1936 – Ursula Andress, Swiss actress
- 1937 – Egon Krenz, East German political leader
- 1942 - Richard Dobson, American singer and songwriter
- 1943 – Mario Monti, Italian economist and Prime Minister of Italy
- 1943 – Mario J. Molina, Mexican chemist
- 1944 – Said Musa, former Prime Minister of Belize
- 1944 – Sirhan Sirhan, Palestinian-born assassin
- 1946 - Ruth Pointer, American singer (Pointer Sisters)
- 1947 – Glenn Close, American actress
- 1947 – Marinho Peres, Brazilian footballer
- 1949 - Hirofumi Hirano, Japanese politician
- 1949 – Valery Leontiev, Russian singer
- 1952 – Harvey Weinstein, American film producer
- 1952 - Chris Brubeck, American jazz musician
- 1953 – Ricky Wilson, American musician
- 1954 - Cho Kwang-Rae, South Korean football manager
- 1954 – Jill Abramson, American journalist
- 1955 – Bruce Willis, American actor
- 1956 – Yegor Gaidar, Soviet politician (d. 2009)
- 1958 - Fred Stoller, American comedian, actor and voice artist
- 1959 - Terry Hall, British singer
- 1961 – Jos Lansink, Dutch-Belgian equestrian
- 1961 – Rune Bratseth, Norwegian footballer
- 1961 – Dana Reeve, American actress (d. 2006)
- 1966 – Olaf Marschall, German footballer
- 1967 - Vladimir Konstantinov, Russian ice hockey player
- 1968 - Tyrone Hill, American basketball player
- 1976 – Alessandro Nesta, Italian footballer
- 1977 - Fayez Banihammad, 9-11 terrorist (d. 2001)
- 1979 – Christos Patsatzoglou, Greek footballer
- 1979 – Hedo Turkoglu, Turkish basketball player
- 1979 – Ivan Ljubicic, Croatian tennis player
- 1979 – Abby Brammell, American actress
- 1981 – Kolo Toure, Ivorian footballer
- 1982 – Brad Jones, Australian footballer
- 1982 - Eduardo Saverin, Brazilian entrepreneur
- 1986 – Tyler Bozak, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1987 – Milos Teodosic, Serbian basketball player
- 1991 - Aleksandr Kokorin, Russian footballer
- 1997 - Ruta Mielutyte, Lithuanian swimmer
- 1999 – Tatum McCann, American actress
- 2007 – Prince Abdullah bin Ali of Jordan
Deaths [change]
- 1219 - Emperor Bing of Song of China (b. 1271)
- 1238 – Duke Henry I of Poland (b. 1163)
- 1286 – Alexander III of Scotland (b. 1241)
- 1330 - Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent, English politician (b. 1301)
- 1406 – Ibn Khaldun, Arab historian (b. 1332)
- 1623 - Uesugi Kagekatsu, Japanese samurai and warlord (b. 1556)
- 1637 - Peter Pazmany, Hungarian cardinal and statesman (b. 1570)
- 1649 - Gerardus Vossius, Dutch classical scholar and theologian (b. 1577)
- 1687 - Robert Cavalier de La Salle, French explorer (b. 1643)
- 1721 – Pope Clement XI (b. 1649)
- 1783 – Charles Cornwallis, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1713)
- 1806 - James Jackson, English-born American politician, Governor of Georgia (b. 1757)
- 1816 - Philip Mazzai, Italian physician (b. 1730)
- 1866 – John Dunn, Australian bushranger hanged in Sydney (b. c. 1840)
- 1871 – Wilhelm Karl Ritter von Haidinger, Austrian mineralogist (b. 1795)
- 1884 – Elias Lonnrot, Finnish physicianand writer (b. 1802)
- 1900 - John Bingham, American politician and lawyer (b. 1815)
- 1908 – Eduard Zeller, German theologian and philosopher (b. 1814)
- 1914 – Giuseppe Mercalli, Italian volcanologist (b. 1850)
- 1916 - Vasily Surikov, Russian painter (b. 1848)
- 1930 – Arthur Balfour, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1848)
- 1939 - Lloyd L. Gaines, American activist (b. 1911)
- 1944 - William Hale Thompson, mayor of Chicago (b. 1869)
- 1950 – Edgar Rice Burroughs, American writer (b. 1875)
- 1950 – Walter Haworth, British chemist (b. 1883)
- 1974 – Edward Platt, American actor (b. 1916)
- 1976 - Albert Dieudonne, French actor and novelist (b. 1889)
- 1982 - Randy Rhoads, American musician (b. 1956)
- 1987 – Louis de Broglie, French physicist (b. 1892)
- 1995 - Yasuo Yamada, Japanese voice actor (b. 1932)
- 1997 – Willem de Kooning, Dutch artist (b. 1904)
- 1999 – Tofilau Eti Alesana, Prime Minister of Samoa (b. 1924)
- 2007 – Luther Ingram, American soul singer and songwriter (b. 1937)
- 2008 – Arthur C. Clarke, British writer (b. 1917)
- 2008 – Hugo Claus, Belgian writer (b. 1929)
- 2008 – Paul Scofield, British actor (b. 1921)
- 2011 – Knut, famous polar bear (b. 2006)
Observances [change]
- Saint Joseph's Day (Roman Catholicism, Church of England) and related observances:
- Unity Day (Kashubia, northern Poland)
