August 19
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
August 19 is the 231st day of the year (232nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 134 days remaining until the end of the year.
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Births [change]
- 232 – Marcus Aurelius Robus, Roman Emperor (d. 282).
- 1342 – Catherine of Bohemia (d. 1395).
- 1596 – Elizabeth of Bohemia (d. 1662).
- 1631 – John Dryden, English poet (d. 1700).
- 1646 – John Flamsteed, English astronomer (d. 1719).
- 1689 – Samuel Richardson, English writer (d. 1761).
- 1743 – Madame du Barry, French courtesan (d. 1793).
- 1808 – James Nasmyth, Scottish engineer and architect (d. 1890).
- 1846 – Luis Martin, Spanish Superior-General of the Society of Jesus (d. 1906).
- 1848 – Gustave Caillebotte, French painter (d. 1894).
- 1849 – Joaquim Nabuco, Brazilian writer, statesman and abolitionist (d. 1910).
- 1853 – Aleksei Brusilov, Russian general (d. 1926).
- 1871 – Orville Wright of the Wright brothers, American airplane pioneer (d. 1948).
- 1875 – Stepan Seljan, Croatian explorer (d. 1936).
- 1878 – Manuel L. Quezon, President of the Philippines (d. 1944).
- 1883 – Coco Chanel, French designer (d. 1971).
- 1883 – Leonid Kulik, Russian mineralogist (d. 1942).
- 1883 – Axel Pehrsson-Bramstorp, Swedish politician (d. 1954).
- 1883 – Jose Mendes Cabecadas, Portuguese politician (d. 1965).
- 1883 – Elsie Ferguson, American film actress (d. 1961).
- 1888 – Ton Duc Thang, Vietnamese Communist leader (d. 1980).
- 1889 – Arthur Waley, English orientalist and sinologist (d. 1966).
- 1897 – Roman Vishniac, Russian-American photographer (d. 1990).
- 1900 – Gilbert Ryle, British philosopher (d. 1976).
- 1902 – Ogden Nash, American poet (d. 1971).
- 1906 – Philo T. Farnsworth, American inventor (d. 1971).
- 1907 – Thurston B. Morton, American politician (d. 1982).
- 1908 – Warren P. Knowles, Governor of Wisconsin (d. 1993).
- 1913 – John Argyris, Greek aeronautical engineer (d. 2004).
- 1914 – Lajos Baroti, Hungarian footballer (d. 2005).
- 1915 – Ring Lardner, Jr., American journalist and screenwriter (d. 2000).
- 1918 – Shankar Dayal Sharma, President of India (d. 1999).
- 1921 – Gene Roddenberry, American television producer (d. 1991).
- 1924 – Willard Boyle, Canadian physicist (d. 2011).
- 1928 – Walter Massey, Canadian actor.
- 1930 – Frank McCourt, Irish-American author (d. 2009).
- 1931 – Willie Shoemaker, American jockey (d. 2003).
- 1932 – Thomas P. Salmon, 75th Governor of Vermont.
- 1935 – Zahir Raihan, Bangladeshi writer and filmmaker.
- 1935 – Story Musgrave, American astronaut.
- 1939 – Ginger Baker, English musician.
- 1940 – Johnny Nash, American singer-songwriter.
- 1940 – Jill St. John, American actress.
- 1942 – Fred Thompson, American actor and politician.
- 1945 – Ian Gillan, English singer (Deep Purple).
- 1946 – Bill Clinton, 42nd President of the United States.
- 1948 – Tipper Gore, former Wife of the Vice President of the United States.
- 1948 – Tommy Soderberg, Swedish football coach.
- 1951 – John Deacon, British musician.
- 1951 – Jean-Luc Melenchon, French politician.
- 1952 – Jonathan Frakes, American actor.
- 1953 – Nanni Moretti, Italian film actor, director and producer.
- 1957 – Cesare Prandelli, Italian footballer and coach.
- 1958 – Brendan Nelson, Australian politician.
- 1963 – Hector Pieterson, South African student and symbol of the anti-Apartheid movement (d. 1976).
- 1963 – Joey Tempest, Swedish singer.
- 1965 – Maria de Medeiros, Portuguese actress.
- 1965 – Kyra Sedgwick, American actress.
- 1965 – Kevin Dillon, American actor.
- 1969 – Matthew Perry, American actor.
- 1969 – Nate Dogg, American rapper (d. 2011).
- 1970 – Fat Joe, American rapper.
- 1971 – Mary Joe Fernandez, American tennis player.
- 1972 – Roberto Abbondanzieri, Argentine footballer.
- 1973 – Mette-Marit, Crown Princess of Norway.
- 1973 – Marco Materazzi, Italian footballer.
- 1975 – Tracie Thoms, American actress.
- 1980 – Darius Danesh, Scottish singer-songwriter and actor.
- 1980 – Russell Kane, English comedian.
- 1982 – Erika Christensen, American actress.
- 1983 – Missy Higgins, Australian singer-songwriter.
- 1984 – Alessandro Matri, Italian footballer.
- 1986 – Christina Perri, American singer-songwriter.
- 1987 – Richard Stearman, English footballer.
- 1989 – Romeo Miller, American basketball player, rapper and actor.
- 1989 – Sara Nuru, German model.
Deaths [change]
- 14 – Augustus, Roman Emperor (b. 63 BC).
- 1186 – Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany (b. 1158).
- 1245 – Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Provence (b. 1195).
- 1493 – Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1415).
- 1580 – Andrea Palladio, Italian architect (b. 1508).
- 1662 – Blaise Pascal, French mathematician, philosopher and physicist (b. 1623).
- 1680 – Jean Eudes, French Catholic priest (b. 1601).
- 1692 – John Proctor, Salem farmer and tavern keeper (b. 1632).
- 1753 – Johann Balthasar Neumann, German engineer and architect (b. 1687).
- 1819 – James Watt, Scottish engineer and inventor (b. 1736).
- 1822 – Jean Baptiste Joseph Delambre, French mathematician (b. 1749).
- 1883 – Jeremiah S. Black, American statesman (b. 1810).
- 1895 – John Wesley Hardin, American gunfighter (b. 1853).
- 1905 – William-Adolphe Bouguereau, French painter (b. 1825).
- 1914 – Franz Xavier Wernz, German Superior General of the Society of Jesus (b. 1844).
- 1923 – Vilfredo Pareto, Italian sociologist and economist (b. 1845).
- 1928 – Stephanos Skouloudis, Greek banker, diplomat and Prime Minister (b. 1838).
- 1929 – Sergei Diaghilev, Russian ballet impresario (b. 1872).
- 1936 – Federico Garcia Lorca, Spanish poet (b. 1898).
- 1950 – Giovanni Giorgi, Italian physicist (b. 1871).
- 1954 – Alcide De Gasperi, Prime Minister of Italy (b. 1881).
- 1957 – Carl-Gustaf Rossby, Swedish meteorologist (b. 1898).
- 1959 – Jacob Epstein, American-born sculptor (b. 1881).
- 1959 – Blind Willie McTell, American blues singer (b. 1901).
- 1977 – Groucho Marx, American comedian and actor (b. 1890).
- 1980 – Otto Frank, father of Anne Frank (b. 1889).
- 1994 – Linus Pauling, American chemist (b. 1901).
- 1995 – Pierre Schaeffer, French composer (b. 1910).
- 2000 – Theodore Trautwein, American judge (b. 1920).
- 2001 – Betty Everett, American singer and pianist (b. 1939).
- 2001 – Donald Woods, South African anti-Apartheid activist and journalist (b. 1933).
- 2002 – Eduardo Chillida, Basque sculptor (b. 1924).
- 2003 – Carlos Roberto Reina, President of Honduras (b. 1926).
- 2003 – Sergio Vieira de Mello, Brazilian diplomat (b. 1948) (killed in a car bombing in Baghdad).
- 2005 – Mo Mowlam, British politician (b. 1949).
- 2008 – Levy Mwanawasa, President of Zambia (b. 1948).
- 2010 – Edwin Morgan, Scottish poet (b. 1920).
- 2011 – Raul Ruiz, Chilean film director (b. 1941).
- 2011 – Gun Hägglund, Swedish television journalist (b. 1932).
- 2012 – Tony Scott, British film director and producer (b. 1944).
Events [change]
- 43 BC – Octavian, later known as Augustus, compels the Roman Senate to elect him as consul.
- 1561 – Mary, Queen of Scots returns to Scotland after 13 years in France.
- 1692 – Salem Witch Trials: Five people are executed after being convicted of witchcraft.
- 1745 – Charles Edward Stuart raises his standard at Glenfinnan, beginning the second Jacobite rebellion.
- 1772 – Gustav III of Sweden stages a coup, dividing power between the King and the Riksdag (Swedish parliament).
- 1812 – War of 1812: American frigate USS Constitution defeats British frigate HMS Guerriere off Nova Scotia.
- 1839 – The French government announces that Louis Daguerre's photographic process is a gift 'free to the world'.
- 1848 – The New York Herald reports on the gold found in California.
- 1861 – The Weisshorn in the Alps is first climbed, by British scientist John Tyndall.
- 1909 – The first automobile race at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway occurs.
- 1919 – Afghanistan gains full independence from the United Kingdom.
- 1941 – On Alaska's Kodiak Island, the Kodiak National Wildlife Refuge is founded.
- 1944 – World War II: Paris rises up against German occupation, with help from allied troops.
- 1945 – The Viet Minh, under Ho Chi Minh, take command in Hanoi, Vietnam.
- 1953 – The CIA helps to overthrow Iranian leader Mohammed Mossadegh, allowing Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi to return to power.
- 1960 – The Soviet Union sentences US pilot Francis Gary Powers to ten years in prison.
- 1960 – Sputnik 5 is launched, with dogs, mice and plants on board. They all return safely back to Earth.
- 1965 – Eisaku Sato, becomes the first post-World War II Prime Minister of Japan to visit Okinawa.
- 1966 – An earthquake in Varto, Turkey, kills 2,500 people.
- 1980 – A Lockheed L-1011 airplane of the Saudia airline, burns after making an emergency landing at King Khaled International Airport in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, killing 301 people. This is Saudi Arabia's worst-ever air disaster.
- 1987 – In Hungerford, England, a gunman kills 16 people with an assault rifle, before killing himself.
- 1991 – August Coup: Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev is placed under house arrest, while on holiday in Foros, Crimea.
- 1999 – In Belgrade, tens of thousands of people protest against President of Yugoslavia Slobodan Milosevic, demanding his resignation.
- 2002 – A Russian Mil Mir 26 helicopter carrying troops is hit by a Chechen missile, killing 18.
- 2003 – A car bomb attack on Baghdad's United Nations Headquarters kills 22 people, including Brazilian diplomat Sergio Vieira de Mello.
- 2003 – A bus bombing attack planned by Hamas in Jerusalem kills 23 people.
- 2007 – Pro-democracy demonstrations begin in Burma, led by Buddhist monks and nuns.
- 2009 – A series of bombings in Baghdad kills 101 people, and injures 565.
- 2010 – The last US combat troops leave Iraq.
Observances [change]
- World Humanitarian Day
- Independence Day (Afghanistan)
