January 9
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
January 9 is the ninth day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 356 days remaining until the end of the year (357 in leap years).
Events [change]
- 425 - Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to fleehis capital city, Constantinople, and his general, Basiliscus, takes control of the Empire.
- 1127 - Invading Jurchen soldiers from the Jin Dynasty besiege and sack Bianjing (Kaifeng), capital city of the Song Dynasty in China, abducting Emperor Qinzong of Song and others, ending the Northern Song Dynasty.
- 1349 – The Jewish population of Basel, Switzerland, believed by the residents to be the cause of the ongoing bubonic plague, were rounded up and burned to death.
- 1431 – Judges' investigations for the trial of Joan of Arc begin in Rouen, France, the seat of the English occupation government.
- 1693 - An earthquake in Sicily kills around 60,000 people.
- 1768 - In London, Philip Astley stages the first modern circus.
- 1788 – Connecticut becomes the fifth state to be admitted to the United States.
- 1793 – Jean-Pierre Blanchard becomes the first person to fly in a balloon in the United States.
- 1806 - A state funeral is held for Admiral Horatio Nelson at St. Paul's Cathedral in London.
- 1816 - Humphrey Davy tests his safety lamp for miners at Hebburn Colliery in present-day Tyne and Wear in the Northeast of England.
- 1822 - Pedro I of Brazil, then a Portuguese prince, decides to stay in Brazil against the orders of King Joao IV of Portugal
- 1839 - The French Academy of the Sciences announces the Daguerreotype photography process.
- 1857 - An earthquake estimated at magnitude 7.9 strikes Fort Tejon in California.
- 1861 – Mississippi becomes the second state to secede from the Union before the outbreak of the American Civil War.
- 1863 - American Civil War: The Battle of Fort Hindman begins in Arkansas.
- 1878 - Umberto I of Italy becomes King.
- 1880 - The Great Gale of 1880 brings high winds and heavy snow to parts of Oregon and Washington.
- 1882 – Oscar Wilde gives his first lecture on "The English Renaissance of Art" in New York City.
- 1894 - The new England Telephone and Telegraph Company installs the first battery-operated telephone switchboard in Lexington, Massachusetts.
- 1900 - The Rome-based Football Club Lazio is founded.
- 1903 - Hallam Tennyson, 2nd Marquess of Tennyson becomes the second Governor-General of Australia.
- 1905 – According to the Julian Calendar which was used at the time, Russian workers stage a march on the Winter Palace that ends in the massacre by Tsarist troops known as Bloody Sunday, setting off the Russian Revolution of 1905.
- 1909 - Ernest Shackleton, leading the Nimrod Expedition, is forced to turn back 180 kilometers (112 miles) from the South Pole, having travelled further south than anyone before him.
- 1913 - Afonso Augusto da Costa becomes Prime Minister of Portugal.
- 1914 - Bernardino Machado becomes Prime Minister of Portugal.
- 1914 - The Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity is founded.
- 1916 - World War I: The Battle of Gallipoli ends in Ottoman Empire victory, after the evacuation of the last Allied forces.
- 1917 – World War I: the Battle of Rafa occurs near the Egyptian border with Palestine.
- 1918 - Battle of Bear Valley: Last Battle of the American Indian Wars.
- 1923 - Juan de la Cierva makes the first autogyro flight.
- 1927 - A fire at Laurier Palace movie theatre in Montreal kills 78 children.
- 1941 - World War II: First flight of an Avro Lancaster aircraft.
- 1942 - Off Menorca, the passenger ship Lamoriciere sinks, killing 301 people.
- 1945 – The United States invades Luzon in the Philippines.
- 1951 – The United Nations headquarters opens in New York City.
- 1954 - The temperature of -65.9 degrees Celsius, the coldest to be measured in Greenland, is recorded by a British expedition.
- 1959 - The Vega de Tera reservoir dam breaks in Zamora Province in Spain, killing over 140 people.
- 1960 - Construction of the Aswan Dam in Egypt begins.
- 1964 – Several Panamanian youths try to raise the Panamanian flag on the U.S.-controlled Panama Canal Zone. This causes fighting between U.S. military and Panamanian civilians.
- 1968 – The only known snowfall occurs in Mexico City, additional snow falls on January 10 and 11.
- 1991 – The Soviets storm Vilnius to stop Lithuanian independence.
- 1992 - The National Assembly of the Serb People in Bosnia and Herzegovina declares the creation of Republika Srpska, a new state within Yugoslavia.
- 1996 - First Chechen War: Chechen separatists launch a raid against the helicopter airfield and a civilian hospital in the city of Kizlyar in neighbouring Dagestan, which turns into a massive hostage crisis.
- 2004 - An inflatable boat carrying illegal Albanian emigrants stalls near the Karaburun Peninsula while on the way to Brindisi, Italy. Exposure to the poor weather conditions kills 28 people.
- 2005 – Elections are held to replace Yasser Arafat as head of the Palestine Liberation Organization. Mahmoud Abbas is elected.
- 2006 – The Phantom of the Opera surpasses the record set by Cats for the title of longest running show on Broadway.
- 2006 – The population of Iceland officially reaches 300,000.
- 2007 - The first IPhone is revealed by then-Apple Inc. CEO Steve Jobs.
- 2011 – South Sudan holds a referendum on independence from Sudan. A majority vote in favour of creating a new country, as South Sudan becomes independent six months later.
- 2011 – Iran Air Flight 227 crashes, killing 77 people.
Births [change]
- 1475 – Crinitus, Italian humanist (d. 1507)
- 1554 – Pope Gregory XV (d. 1623)
- 1589 - Ivan Gundulic, Croatian poet (d. 1638)
- 1590 - Simon Vouet, French painter (d. 1649)
- 1622 – Empress Meisho of Japan (d. 1697)
- 1674 - Reinhard Keiser, German opera composer (d. 1739)
- 1745 - Caleb Strong, 6th and 10th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1819)
- 1753 - Luisa Todi, Portuguese singer (d. 1833)
- 1773 - Cassandra Austen, English painter (d. 1845)
- 1806 - Augustus Bradford, Governor of Maryland (d. 1881)
- 1818 - Antoine Samuel Adam-Salomon, French sculptor and photographer (d. 1881)
- 1819 - James Francis, Premier of Victoria (d. 1884)
- 1835 – Iwasaki Yaturo, Japanese founder of Mitsubishi (d. 1885)
- 1854 – Lady Randolph Churchill, mother of Winston Churchill (d. 1921)
- 1864 - Vladimir Steklov, Russian mathematician (d. 1926)
- 1870 – Joseph B. Strauss, American civil engineer (d. 1938)
- 1872 - Ivar Lykke, Prime Minister of Norway (d. 1949)
- 1875 - Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney, American socialite (d. 1942)
- 1881 – Lascelles Abercrombie, British poet and critic (d. 1938)
- 1881 - Giovanni Papini, Italian writer (d. 1956)
- 1881 - Josef Ospelt, 1st Prime Minister of Liechtenstein (d. 1962)
- 1890 - Karel Capek, Czech writer (d. 1938)
- 1890 – Kurt Tucholsky, German journalist and writer (d. 1935)
- 1897 - Dwight H. Green, Governor of Illinois (d. 1958)
- 1898 – Gracie Fields, English performer (d. 1979)
- 1900 – Maria of Romania, Queen Consort of Yugoslavia (d. 1961)
- 1900 - Richard Haliburton, American adventurer (d. 1939)
- 1901 – Ishman Bracey, American blues singer and guitarist (d. 1970)
- 1901 - Chic Young, American cartoonist (d. 1973)
- 1902 - Saint Josemaria Escriva, Spanish Catholic priest and founder of Opus Dei (d. 1975)
- 1908 – Simone de Beauvoir, French writer (d. 1986)
- 1909 – Anthony Mamo, 1st President of Malta (d. 2008)
- 1912 - Ralph Tubbs, British architect (d. 1996)
- 1913 – Richard Nixon, 37th President of the United States (d. 1994)
- 1916 - Fernando Lamas, Argentine actor and film producer (d. 1982)
- 1920 – Clive Dunn, British actor, comedian, and singer (d. 2012)
- 1922 – Har Gobind Khorana, Indian biochemist (d. 2011)
- 1922 – Ahmed Sekou Toure, President of Guinea (d. 1984)
- 1924 – Sergei Parajanov, Armenian film director (d. 1990)
- 1928 - Domenico Modugno, Italian actor, singer and guitarist (d. 1994)
- 1928 - Judith Krantz, American author
- 1929 – Heiner Mueller, German dramatist (d. 1995)
- 1929 – Dorothea Puente, American serial killer (d. 2011)
- 1931 - Algis Budrys, Lithuanian-born American science fiction writer (d. 2008)
- 1932 - Robert P. Casey, Governor of Pennsylvania (d. 2000)
- 1935 – Bob Denver, American actor (d. 2005)
- 1939 – Susannah York, British actress (d. 2011)
- 1940 - Ruth Dreifuss, Swiss politician
- 1941 – Joan Baez, American singer and activist
- 1941 - Gilles Vaillancourt, Canadian politician
- 1942 - Lee Kun-hee, South Korean businessman
- 1943 - Freddie Starr, English comedian
- 1943 - Scott Walker, American singer and musician
- 1944 – Jimmy Page, British musician and producer (Led Zeppelin)
- 1944 - Massimiliano Fuksas, Italian architect, poet and painter
- 1945 – Levon Ter-Petrossian, first President of Armenia
- 1948 – Cassie Gaines, American singer (Lynyrd Skynyrd) (d. 1977)
- 1950 – Rio Reiser, German musician (d. 1996)
- 1951 – Crystal Gayle, American singer
- 1951 - Michel Barnier, French politician
- 1952 - Marek Belka, former Prime Minister of Poland
- 1952 - Michael Capuano, American politician
- 1953 - Javad Alizadeh, Iranian cartoonist
- 1953 – Morris Gleitzman, English writer
- 1953 - Bill Graves, former Governor of Kansas
- 1955 – J. K. Simmons, American actor
- 1956 – Imelda Staunton, British actress
- 1957 - Yury Bandazhevsky, Belarussian scientist
- 1958 - Stephen Neale, British philosopher
- 1958 – Mehmet Ali Agca, attempted assassin of Pope John Paul II
- 1959 – Rigoberta Menchu, Guatemalan political activist
- 1961 – Al Jean, American television writer
- 1965 – Iain Dowie, British footballer and manager
- 1965 – Haddaway, Trinidadian singer
- 1965 – Joely Richardson, British actress
- 1965 - Muggsy Bogues, American basketball player
- 1967 – Dave Matthews, Australian singer and musician
- 1967 – Claudio Caniggia, Argentine footballer
- 1968 - Joey Lauren Adams, American actress
- 1968 - Catalina Saavedra, Chilean actress
- 1972 - Sarah Beeny, British television personality
- 1976 - Radek Bonk, Czech ice hockey player
- 1978 – Gennaro Gattuso, Italian footballer
- 1978 – AJ McLean, American singer (Backstreet Boys)
- 1979 - Athanassios Prittas, Greek footballer
- 1979 - Tomiko Van, Japanese singer
- 1980 – Sergio Garcia, Spanish golfer
- 1981 – Euzebiusz Smolarek, Polish footballer
- 1982 – Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge
- 1982 - Gretar Steinsson, Icelandic footballer
- 1985 - Juanfran, Spanish footballer
- 1986 - Amanda Mynhardt, South African netballer
- 1987 – Paolo Nutini, Scottish singer-songwriter
- 1987 - Bradley Davies, Welsh rugby player
- 1987 - Anna Tatangelo, Italian singer
- 1988 - Marc Crosas, Spanish footballer
- 1989 - Michael Beasley, American basketball player
- 1989 - Nina Dobrev, Bulgarian-Canadian actress
- 1993 - Ashley Argota, American actress
Deaths [change]
- 1150 - Emperor Xizong of Jin (b. 1119)
- 1282 - Abu 'Ulthman Sa'id ibn Hakam al Qurashi, ruler of Menorca (b. 1204)
- 1283 - Wen Tianxiang, Chinese politician (b. 1236)
- 1499 - John Cicero, Elector of Brandenburg (b. 1455)
- 1514 – Anne, Queen of France (b. 1477)
- 1799 – Maria Gaetana Agnesi, Italian scientist (b. 1718)
- 1805 - Noble Wimberly Jones, American Continental Congressman (b. 1723)
- 1848 – Caroline Herschel, German-born astronomer (b. 1750)
- 1858 – Anson Jones, last President of Texas (b. 1798)
- 1873 – Napoleon III of France (b. 1808)
- 1876 – Samuel Gridley Howe, American abolitionist (b. 1801)
- 1878 – Vittorio Emanuele II of Italy (b. 1820)
- 1908 – Wilhelm Busch, German painter (b. 1832)
- 1911 - Edwin Arthur Jones, American composer (b. 1853)
- 1911 - Edvard Rusjan, Slovenian flight pioneer (b. 1886)
- 1923 – Katherine Mansfield, New Zealand writer (b. 1888)
- 1939 - Johann Strauss III, Austrian conductor (b. 1886)
- 1944 – Antanas Smetona, President of Lithuania (b. 1874)
- 1961 – Emily Greene Balch, American writer, Nobel Peace Prize winner (b. 1867)
- 1979 – Pier Luigi Nervi, Italian architect (b. 1891)
- 1993 - Paul Hasluck, Governor-General of Australia (b. 1905)
- 1995 – Souphanouvong, President of Laos (b. 1909)
- 1997 – Edward Osobka-Morawski, Prime Minister of Poland (b. 1909)
- 1998 – Kenichi Fukui, Japanese chemist (b. 1916)
- 2004 - Norberto Bobbio, Italian philosopher (b. 1909)
- 2005 – Antonín Klimek, Czech historian (b. 1927)
- 2009 – Dave Dee, British musician (b. 1943)
- 2009 – Rene Herms, German athlete (b. 1982)
- 2010 – Armand Razafindratandra, Malagasy cardinal (b. 1924)
- 2011 – Peter Yates, British film director (b. 1929)
- 2012 – Malam Bacai Sanha, President of Guinea-Bissau (b. 1947)
- 2012 - Mae Laborde, American actress (b. 1909)
- 2013 - James M. Buchanan, American economist (b. 1919)
