October 16
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
October 16 is the 289th day of the year (290th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 76 days remaining until the end of the year.
Contents |
Events [change]
- 1781 - George Washington captures Yorktown, Virginia, after the Siege of Yorktown.
- 1793 – Marie Antoinette is executed on the guillotine.
- 1834 - Much of the ancient structure of the Palace of Westminster in London burns to the ground.
- 1843 - William Rowan Hamilton comes up with the idea of quaternions, a non-commutative extension of complex numbers.
- 1859 – John Brown leads a raid on Harper's Ferry, Virginia.
- 1875 – Brigham Young University is founded in Provo, Utah.
- 1905 - Partition of Bengal in India.
- 1916 - In Brooklyn, New York, Margaret Sanger opens the first family planning clinic in the United States.
- 1923 – The Walt Disney Company is founded.
- 1934 – Chinese Communists begin the Long March.
- 1939 - World War II: First attack on British territory by the German Luftwaffe.
- 1940 – Holocaust: The Warsaw Ghetto is established.
- 1946 – Execution of Nazi war criminals who were sentenced in the Nuremberg Trials
- 1951 – Pakistan's Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan is assassinated.
- 1962 - John F. Kennedy is shown photographs of military sites in Cuba.
- 1963 – Ludwig Erhard is chosen to succeed Konrad Adenauer as Chancellor of Germany.
- 1964 - The People's Republic of China detonates its first nuclear weapon.
- 1964 - Leonid Brezhnev is inaugurated as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, with Alexei Kosygin becoming Premier.
- 1968 - At the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City, US athletes Tommie Smith and John Carlos are kicked off the US team for their part in the Black Power Salute.
- 1970 – In response to the October Crisis, Canada's Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau invokes the War Measures Act.
- 1973 – Henry Kissinger and Le Duc Tho are announced as the winners of the Nobel Peace Prize.
- 1978 – Karol Wojtyła becomes Pope John Paul II.
- 1978 - Wanda Rutkiewicz becomes the first person from Poland, and the first European woman, to climb to the top of Mount Everest.
- 1984 – Desmond Tutu wins the Nobel Peace Prize.
- 1986 – Reinhold Messner reaches the top of Lhotse in the Himalayas with Hans Kammerlander. Messner becomes the first person to climb all the mountains over 8000 metres high.
- 1987 – The southern part of the United Kingdom is hit by a major storm which causes a lot of damage, especially with fallen trees, and kills 18 people.
- 1991 - George Hennard runs amok in Killeen, Texas, killing 23 people.
- 1994 - The majority of voters in Finland support entry into the EU.
- 1995 – The Skye Bridge, linking the Isle of Skye to mainland Scotland, is opened.
- 1995 - Million-Man March on Washington, DC.
- 1996 – 84 people are crushed to death at the Estadio Mateo Flores in Guatemala.
- 1998 – Augusto Pinochet is arrested in London after Spain issued an arrest warrant for murder.
- 2006 – A magnitude 6.7 earthquake hits Hawaii, causing widespread damage.
Births [change]
- 1396 – William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk, English soldier (d. 1450)
- 1430 – King James II of Scotland (d. 1460)
- 1483 – Gasparo Contarini, Italian diplomat and cardinal (d. 1542)
- 1535 – Niwa Nagahide, Japanese warlord (d. 1585)
- 1663 – Prince Eugene of Savoy, French-born Austrian general (d. 1736)
- 1679 - Jan Dismas Zelenka, Bohemian composer (d. 1745)
- 1710 – Andreas Hadik, Austro-Hungarian general (d. 1790)
- 1714 – Giovanni Arduino, Italian geologist (d. 1795)
- 1726 – Daniel Chodowiecki, Polish painter (d. 1801)
- 1751 – Frederika Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt, Queen of Prussia (d. 1805)
- 1752 – Johann Gottfried Eichhorn, German theologian (d. 1827)
- 1754 – Morgan Lewis, Governor of New York (1804-07) (d. 1844)
- 1758 – Noah Webster, American lexicographer (d. 1843)
- 1762 – Paul Hamilton, Governor of South Carolina (1804–06) and U.S. Secretary of Navy (1809–12) (d. 1816)
- 1789 – William Burton, Governor of Delaware (1859–63) (d. 1866)
- 1795 – William Buell Sprague, American clergyman and author (d. 1876)
- 1802 – Isaac Murphy, Governor of Arkansas (1864-68) (d. 1882)
- 1804 - Benjamin Russell, American artist (d. 1885)
- 1806 – William Pitt Fessenden, U.S. Secretary of Treasury (1864-65) (d. 1869)
- 1815 – Francis Lubbock, Governor of Texas (d. 1905)
- 1819 – Austin F. Pike, American politician from New Hampshire (d. 1886)
- 1840 – Kuroda Kiyotaka, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1900)
- 1841 – Prince Hirobumi Ito, Japanese governor of Korea and 1st Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1909)
- 1847 - Maria Pia of Savoy (d. 1911)
- 1854 - Oscar Wilde, Irish writer (d. 1900)
- 1854 - Karl Kautsky, Czech-born German theoretician (d. 1938)
- 1855 - Samedbey Mehmandarov, Russian general (d. 1931)
- 1861 – J. B. Bury, Irish historian (d. 1927)
- 1863 – Austen Chamberlain, English statesman, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1937)
- 1876 – Jimmy Sinclair, South African cricketer, rugby union and soccer player (d. 1913)
- 1878 – Maxey Long, American athlete (d. 1959)
- 1886 - David Ben-Gurion, first Prime Minister of Israel (d. 1973)
- 1886 - Armin T. Wegner, German poet (d. 1978)
- 1888 - Eugene O'Neill, American writer (d. 1953)
- 1890 - Michael Collins, Irish patriot (d. 1922)
- 1895 - Ling Hau Shang, Convicted Triad Leader (d. 1954)
- 1903 - Big Joe Williams, American blues guitarist (d. 1982)
- 1908 - Enver Hoxha, Albanian political leader (d. 1985)
- 1912 - Clifford Hansen, American politician (d. 2009)
- 1914 - Mohammed Zahir Shah, King of Afghanistan (d. 2007)
- 1918 - Louis Althusser, French Marxist philosopher (d. 1990)
- 1922 - Max Bygraves, English singer, songwriter and entertainer (d. 2012)
- 1923 - Bill McLaren, Scottish rugby commentator (d. 2010)
- 1925 - Angela Lansbury, British-born actress
- 1927 - Günter Grass, German writer, Nobel Prize laureate
- 1931 - Charles Colson, American Watergate conspirator (d. 2012)
- 1932 - Detlev Rohwedder, German politician and manager (d. 1991)
- 1932 - Gudbergur Bergsson, Icelandic writer
- 1936 - Peter Bowles, English actor
- 1936 - Andrei Chikatilo, Russian serial killer (d. 1994)
- 1938 - Nico, German musician, fashion model and actress (d. 1988)
- 1940 - Ivan Della Mea, Italian singer-songwriter (d. 2009)
- 1941 - Baddeley Devesi, 1st Governor-General of the Solomon Islands (d. 2012)
- 1947 - Bob Weir, American singer and musician
- 1947 - Terry Griffiths, Welsh snooker player
- 1954 - Corinna Harfouch, German actress
- 1958 - Tim Robbins, American actor, director, and writer
- 1960 - Bob Mould, American singer and guitarist
- 1962 - Manute Bol, Sudanese basketball player (d. 2010)
- 1962 - Flea, Australian-American musician (Red Hot Chilli Peppers)
- 1965 - Steve Lamacq, British DJ
- 1966 - Stefan Reuter, German footballer
- 1967 - Davina McCall, British television presenter
- 1970 - Mehmet Scholl, German footballer
- 1973 - Thomas Myhre, Norwegian footballer
- 1975 - Brynjar Gunnarsson, Icelandic footballer
- 1975 - Kellie Martin, American actress and director
- 1979 - Erin Brown, American actress, model, filmmaker and musician
- 1982 - Cristian Riveros, Paraguayan footballer
- 1983 - Remi Ochlik, French photographer (d. 2012)
- 1983 - Philipp Kohlschreiber, German tennis player
- 1983 - Loreen, Swedish singer
- 1984 - Shayne Ward, British singer, winner of the 2005 X Factor
- 1985 - Verena Sailer, German sprinter
- 1985 - Casey Stoner, Australian motorcycle racer
- 1986 - Inna, Romanian singer
- 1986 - Craig Pickering, British sprinter
- 1990 - Johanna Gudrun Jonsdottir (Yohanna), Icelandic singer
- 1990 - Amina Sato, Japanese singer (AKB48)
- 1991 - Jedward, Irish pop singers
- 2003 - Princess Kritika of Nepal, Nepalese princess
Deaths [change]
- 640 – Saint Gall, monk and missionary (b. around 550)
- 1333 - Antipope Nicholas V (b. 1260)
- 1355 - Louis, King of Sicily (b. 1337)
- 1396 - Agnolo Gaddi, Italian painter
- 1553 – Lucas Cranach the Elder, German painter (b. 1472)
- 1591 – Pope Gregory XIV (b. 1535)
- 1628 - Francois de Malherbe, French poet (b. 1555)
- 1791 – Grigory Potemkin, Russian general and statesman (b. 1739)
- 1793 – Marie Antoinette, Queen of France (b. 1755)
- 1793 - John Hunter, Scottish anatomist (b. 1728)
- 1796 – Victor Amadeus III of Savoy (b. 1726)
- 1822 – Eva Marie Veigel, Austrian ballet dancer (b. 1724)
- 1888 – John Wentworth, Mayor of Chicago (b. 1815)
- 1913 - Ralph Rose, American athlete (b. 1885)
- 1944 – Jon Sveinsson, Icelandic writer (b. 1857)
- 1946 - Nazi war criminals executed following Nuremberg trials:
- Joachim von Ribbentrop, German politician (b. 1893)
- Arthur Seyss-Inquart, Austrian Nazi leader (b. 1892)
- Julius Streicher, German propagandist (b. 1884)
- Alfred Jodl, German military officer (b. 1890)
- Ernst Kaltenbrunner, SS officer (b. 1903)
- 1951 – Liaquat Ali Khan, Prime Minister of Pakistan (b. 1895)
- 1952 - Ghulam Bhik Nairang, Indian-Pakistani Muslim leader and poet (b. 1876)
- 1954 – Jules Rimet, French football administrator (b. 1873)
- 1959 – George Marshall, United States Secretary of State (b. 1880)
- 1962 - Gaston Bachelard, French philosopher and poet (b. 1884)
- 1981 - Moshe Dayan, Israeli general (b. 1915)
- 1982 – Mario del Monaco, Italian tenor (b. 1915)
- 1990 – Art Blakey, American jazz drummer (b. 1919)
- 1997 – James Michener, American writer (b. 1907)
- 2003 – Laszlo Papp, Hungarian boxer (b. 1926)
- 2004 - Pierre Salinger, White House Press Secretary (b. 1925)
- 2006 – Valentin Paniagua Corazao, President of Peru (b. 1936)
- 2007 – Deborah Kerr, Scottish actress (b. 1921)
- 2007 – Tose Proeski, Macedonian singer (b. 1981)
- 2010 – Barbara Billingsley, American actress (b. 1915)
- 2011 – Dan Wheldon, British auto racer (b. 1978)
Observances [change]
- Teacher's Day (Poland)
- World Food Day
