April 23
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
April 23 is the 113th day of the year (114th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 252 days remaining until the end of the year.
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Births [change]
- 1141 - King Malcolm IV of Scotland (d. 1165)
- 1170 – Isabelle of Hainaut, Queen of France (d. 1190)
- 1185 – King Afonso II of Portugal (d. 1223)
- 1464 - Joan of France, Duchess of Berry (d. 1505)
- 1484 - Julius Caesar Scaliger, Italian philosopher (d. 1558)
- 1516 – Georg Fabricius, German poet, historian and archaeologist (d. 1571)
- 1564 – William Shakespeare, English playwright (d. 1616)
- 1628 - Johann van Waveren Hudde, Dutch mathematician (d. 1704)
- 1676 – King Frederick I of Sweden (d. 1751)
- 1758 – Philip Gidley King, third Governor of New South Wales (d. 1808)
- 1775 – J. M. W. Turner, English painter (d. 1851)
- 1791 – James Buchanan, 15th President of the United States (d. 1868)
- 1794 - Wei Yuan, Chinese scholar (d. 1857)
- 1805 – Johann Karl Friedrich Rosenkranz, German philosopher (d. 1879)
- 1812 – Frederick Whitaker, Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1891)
- 1813 – Stephen A. Douglas, American politician (d. 1861)
- 1819 - Edward Stafford, Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1901)
- 1823 – Abd-ul-Mejid I, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1861)
- 1828 - Albert of Saxony (d. 1902)
- 1844 – Sanford Dole, American politician (d. 1926)
- 1845 - Pier Andrea Saccardo, Italian botanist (d. 1920)
- 1857 - Ruggiero Leoncavallo, Italian composer (d. 1919)
- 1858 – Max Planck, German scientist (d. 1947)
- 1867 – Johannes Andreas Grib Fibiger, Danish doctor, won the 1926 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1928)
- 1879 - Tom Berry, 14th Governor of South Dakota (d. 1951)
- 1880 - Mikhail Fokine, Russian choreographer and dancer (d. 1942)
- 1889 - Karel Doorman, Dutch admiral (d. 1942)
- 1891 – Sergei Prokofiev, Russian composer (d. 1953)
- 1895 - Ngaio Marsh, New Zealand writer (d. 1982)
- 1896 - Dmitry Dmitrievich Maksutov, Russian inventor (d. 1964)
- 1897 – Lester Pearson, Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1972)
- 1897 - Lucius D. Clay, American general (d. 1978)
- 1899 - Minoru Shirota, Japanese physician and inventor of Yakult (d. 1982)
- 1899 – Bertil Ohlin, Swedish economist (d. 1979)
- 1899 – Vladimir Nabokov, Russian writer (d. 1977)
- 1902 – Halldor Laxness, Icelandic Nobel Prize-winning writer (d. 1998)
- 1907 - Lee Miller, American photographer (d. 1977)
- 1910 – Simone Simon, French actress (d. 2005)
- 1911 – Ronald Neame, British movie producer (d. 2010)
- 1915 - Arnold Alexander Hall, British aeornautical engineer (d. 2000)
- 1917 - Dorian Leigh, American model (d. 2008)
- 1918 - Maurice Druon, French author (d. 2009)
- 1919 - Oleg Penkovsky, Soviet double-agent (d. 1963)
- 1921 - Judy Agnew, wife of Spiro Agnew (d. 2012)
- 1922 - Marjorie Cameron, American writer, painter, actress and occultist (d. 1995)
- 1923 - Dolph Briscoe, Governor of Texas (d. 2010)
- 1924 - Bobby Rosengarden, American drummer and bandleader (d. 2007)
- 1924 - Margit Sandemo, Norwegian writer
- 1928 – Shirley Temple, American actress and political activist
- 1936 – Roy Orbison, American singer (d. 1988)
- 1939 – Lee Majors, American actor
- 1941 – Paavo Lipponen, former Prime Minister of Finland
- 1941 - Jacqueline Boyer, French singer and actress
- 1943 - Tony Esposito, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1943 - Frans Koppelaar, Dutch artist
- 1947 - Glenn Cornick, British musician
- 1947 - Bernadette Devlin, Irish politician
- 1947 - Christer Pettersson, Swedish murder suspect (d. 2004)
- 1954 – Michael Moore, American filmmaker
- 1957 - Neville Brody, English graphic designer, typographer and art director
- 1958 - Hilmar Orn Hilmarsson, Icelandic composer
- 1960 – Valerie Bertinelli, American actress
- 1960 - Steve Clark, English guitarist (Def Leppard) (d. 1991)
- 1960 - Claude Julien, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
- 1961 - Dirk Bach, German actor and television presenter (d. 2012)
- 1962 - John Hannah, Scottish actor
- 1962 – Hillel Slovak, American musician (Red Hot Chili Peppers) (d. 1988)
- 1963 - Paul Belmondo, French actor and racing driver
- 1963 - Magnus Ver Magnusson, Icelandic powerlifter, four-times winner of World's Strongest Man title
- 1968 – Princess Aisha bint al Hussein of Jordan
- 1968 – Princess Zein bint al Hussein of Jordan
- 1968 – Timothy McVeigh, American terrorist (d. 2001)
- 1969 - Yelena Shushunova, Russian gymnast
- 1975 – Jon Thor Birgisson (Jonsi), Icelandic singer
- 1977 - Lee Young-Pyo, South Korean footballer
- 1977 - John Cena, American wrestler, rapper and actor
- 1979 – Barry Fratelli, Scottish musician (The Fratellis)
- 1979 – Lauri Ylonen, Finnish singer (The Rasmus)
- 1979 - Samppa Lajunen, Finnish skier
- 1979 - Barry Hawkins, English snooker player
- 1983 – Daniela Hantuchova, Slovakian tennis player
- 1983 - Aaron Hill, American actor
- 1984 - Alexandra Kosteniuk, Russian chess player
- 1984 - Ross Ford, Scottish rugby player
- 1984 - Fumihisa Yumoto, Japanese ski jumper
- 1985 - Taio Cruz, English singer
- 1986 - Aleksei Rebko, Russian footballer
- 1987 - Emily Fox, American cup stacker and basketball player
- 1987 - Laura Mvula, English singer
- 1988 - Stephanie Houghton, English footballer
- 1988 – Victor Anichebe, Nigerian footballer
- 1990 – Dev Patel, British actor
- 1993 - Rina Chikano, Japanese singer (AKB48)
- 1997 - Alex Ferris, Canadian actor
Deaths [change]
- 303 – Saint George, Christian martyr and patron Saint (date of birth unknown)
- 725 - Wihtred of Kent
- 871 – Ethelred of Wessex, Saxon king
- 1014 - Brian Boru, High King of Ireland
- 1016 – Ethelred the Unready, Saxon king (b. 968)
- 1124 – Alexander I of Scotland (b. 1078)
- 1217 - Inge II of Norway (b. 1185)
- 1307 - Joan of Acre, daughter of Edward I of England (b. 1272)
- 1605 – Tsar Boris Godunov of Russia (b. c. 1550)
- 1616 - Garcilaso de la Vega (El Inca), Peruvian historian and writer (b. 1539)
- 1616 – Miguel de Cervantes, Spanish writer (b. 1547)
- 1616 – William Shakespeare, English playwright (b. 1564)
- 1794 - Guillaume-Chretien de Lamoignon de Malesherbes, French statesman (b. 1721)
- 1827 – Georgios Karaiskakis, hero of the Greek War of Independence (b. 1780)
- 1850 – William Wordsworth, English poet (b. 1770)
- 1895 - Carl Ludwig, German physician (b. 1815)
- 1915 - Rupert Brooke, English poet (b. 1887)
- 1951 – Charles G. Dawes, Vice President of the United States (b. 1865)
- 1965 - George Adamski, Polish-American author, teacher and ufologist (b. 1891)
- 1975 – William Hartnell, English actor (b. 1908)
- 1981 - Josep Pia, Catalan journalist and writer (b. 1897)
- 1983 – Buster Crabbe, American singer and actor (b. 1908)
- 1984 - Red Garland, American jazz pianist (b. 1923)
- 1986 – Harold Arlen, American composer (b. 1905)
- 1986 - Otto Preminger, Austrian director (b. 1906)
- 1990 - Paulette Goddard, American actress (b. 1910)
- 1992 – Satyajit Ray, Indian filmmaker (b. 1921)
- 1993 – César Chávez, Mexican-American activist (b. 1927)
- 1996 - P. L. Travers, Australian author (b. 1899)
- 1998 – James Earl Ray, convicted assassin of Martin Luther King, Jr. (b. 1928)
- 1998 – Konstantinos Karamanlis, Greek politician (b. 1907)
- 2003 - Fernand Fonssagrives, French photographer (b. 1910)
- 2005 – Joh Bjelke-Petersen, Australian politician, Premier of Queensland (b. 1911)
- 2007 – Boris Yeltsin, former President of Russia (b. 1931)
- 2007 - David Halberstam, American journalist and author (b. 1934)
- 2011 – John Sullivan, British television writer (b. 1946)
- 2011 - Norio Ogha, Japanese businessman (b. 1930)
- 2012 - Tommy Marth, American musician (b. 1978)
Events [change]
- 215 BC – A temple is built on the Capitoline Hill dedicated to Venus Erycina to commemorate the Roman defeat at Lake Trasimene.
- 1014 – Battle of Clontarf: Brian Boru defeats Viking invaders, but is killed in battle.
- 1016 - Edmund Ironside becomes the Saxon king of England.
- 1343 - Estonia: Saint George's Nigh Uprising.
- 1348 – The founding of the Order of the Garter by King Edward III of England is announced on St George's Day.
- 1521 – Battle of Villalar: King Charles I of Spain defeats the Comuneros.
- 1533 – The Church of England annuls the marriage between Catherine of Aragon and Henry VIII of England.
- 1597 – Shakespeare's The Merry Wives of Windsor is first performed, with Queen Elizabeth I of England in attendance.
- 1660 – Treaty of Oliwa is established between Sweden and Poland.
- 1661 – King Charles II of England, Scotland and Ireland is crowned in Westminster Abbey.
- 1685 - King James II of England (James VII of Scotland) is crowned.
- 1827 – William Rowan Hamilton presents his Theory of systems of rays.
- 1867 – William Lincoln patents the zoetrope, a machine which shows animated pictures by mounting a strip of drawings in a wheel.
- 1920 – The national council in Turkey denounces the government of Sultan Mehmed VI and announces a temporary constitution.
- 1923 – Inauguration ceremonies take place of Gdynia as a temporary military port and fishers' shelter.
- 1927 - Turkey becomes the first country to celebrate Children's Day as a national holiday.
- 1927 - Football: Cardiff City F.C. defeats Arsenal is the FA Cup final. With Cardiff City being in Wales, it is the only time a team based outside England has won this trophy.
- 1932 – The 153-year old De Adriaan Windmill in Haarlem, the Netherlands burns down.
- 1935 – Polish Constitution of 1935 is adopted.
- 1940 – Rhythm Night Club fire at a dance hall in Natchez, Mississippi kills 198 people.
- 1941 - World War II: The Greek government and King George II of Greece evacuate Athens before the invading Wehrmacht.
- 1942 – World War II: Baedeker Blitz – German bombers hit Exeter, Bath and York in retaliation for the British raid on Lübeck.
- 1948 – 1948 Arab-Israeli War: Haifa, the major port of Israel, is captured from Palestinian forces.
- 1954 – Hank Aaron hits his first major league home run.
- 1956 – Elvis Presley makes his first appearance in Las Vegas, Nevada.
- 1967 – A group of young radicals are expelled from the Nicaraguan Socialist Party (PSN). This group goes on to found the Socialist Workers Party (POS).
- 1968 – The United Kingdom produces its first decimalised coins, a 5p and a 10p coin.
- 1968 – Vietnam War: Student protesters at Columbia University in New York City take over administration buildings and shut down the university.
- 1971 - Bangladesh Liberation War: Pakistan Army and the Razakars massacre around 3,000 Hindu emigrants in the Jathibhanga area of East Pakistan, present-day Bangladesh.
- 1974 – A Pan American World Airways Boeing 707 crashes in Bali, Indonesia, killing 107.
- 1979 – Fighting in London between the Anti-Nazi League and the Metropolitan Police's Special Patrol Group results in the death of protestor Blair Peach.
- 1981 – Stefano Bontade, Mafia boss in Sicily, is murdered in Palermo, the opening shot in a Mob War orchestrated by Salvatore Riina.
- 1985 – Coca Cola changes its 99 year old formula to the sweeter new Coke. (It is doomed to failure and the company is later forced to reintroduce the original).
- 1990 – Namibia becomes the 160th member of the United Nations and the 50th member of the Commonwealth of Nations.
- 1990 - In a referendum in Karl Marx Stadt in then-East Germany, 76% of voters support changing their city's name back to Chemnitz.
- 1993 – Eritreans vote overwhelmingly for independence from Ethiopia in a United Nations-monitored referendum.
- 1994 – Physicists discover the top quark subatomic particle.
- 1995 – Association of Autonomous Astronauts founded.
- 1997 – Omaria massacre in Algeria; 42 villagers killed.
- 2003 – Beijing closes all schools for two weeks due to the SARS virus.
Observances [change]
- Saint George's Day - Patron Saint of many places, including England and Catalonia
- World Book Day
- National Sovereignty and Children's Day (Turkey)
- Latest possible date for Good Friday, in relation to Easter
