August 13
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
August 13 is the 225th day of the year (226th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 140 days remaining until the end of the year.
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Births [change]
- 582 – Arnulf of Metz, French bishop and saint (d. 640)
- 1311 – King Alfonso XI of Castile and Leon (d. 1350)
- 1625 – Rasmus Bartholin, Danish physician, mathematician and physicist (d. 1698)
- 1651 – Balthasar Permoser, German sculptor (d. 1732)
- 1666 – William Wotton, English scholar (d. 1727)
- 1717 – Louise Francois, Prince of Conti, French prince (d. 1776)
- 1743 – Archduchess Maria Elisabeth of Austria (d. 1808)
- 1752 – Maria Carolina of Austria, Queen Consort of Naples and Sicily (d. 1814)
- 1757 – James Gillray, British caricaturist (d. 1815)
- 1790 – William Wentworth, Australian explorer and politician (d. 1872)
- 1792 – Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen, Queen consort of William IV of the United Kingdom (d. 1849)
- 1802 – Nikolaus Lenau, Austrian writer (d. 1850)
- 1803 – Vladimir Oboevsky, Russian philosopher and writer (d. 1869)
- 1814 – Andres Jonas Angstrom, Swedish astronomer and physicist (d. 1874)
- 1818 – Lucy Stone, American Women's Rights activist (d. 1893)
- 1819 – Aurelio Saffi, Italian politician (d. 1890)
- 1819 – George Gabriel Stokes, Irish physicist (d. 1903)
- 1851 – Felix Adler, German-born American educator (d. 1933)
- 1853 – Antonio Salandra, Prime Minister of Italy (d. 1931)
- 1860 – Annie Oakley, American sharp shooter (d. 1926)
- 1866 – Giovanni Agnelli, Italian industrialist and founder of Fiat (d. 1945)
- 1871 – Karl Liebknecht, German political activist (d. 1919)
- 1872 – Richard Willstaetter, German chemist (d. 1942)
- 1879 – John Ireland, English composer (d. 1962)
- 1887 – Julius Freed, American investor and banker (d. 1952)
- 1888 – John Logie Baird, Scottish inventor (d. 1946)
- 1890 – Li Zongren, Chinese politician (d. 1969)
- 1895 – Bert Lahr, American actor (d. 1967)
- 1899 – Alfred Hitchcock, English movie director (d. 1980)
- 1902 – Felix Wankel, German engineer and inventor (d. 1988)
- 1904 – Charles 'Buddy' Rogers, American actor (d. 1999)
- 1907 – Basil Spence, Scottish architect (d. 1976)
- 1912 – Salvador Luria, Italian-born biologist (d. 1991)
- 1913 – Makarios III, Archbishop and President of Cyprus (d. 1977)
- 1913 – Fred Davis, English snooker player (d. 1998)
- 1914 – Luis Mariano, Basque operetta singer (d. 1970)
- 1918 – Frederick Sanger, English chemist
- 1918 – Noor Hassanali, 2nd President of Trinidad and Tobago (d. 2006)
- 1919 – George Shearing, British jazz pianist (d. 2011)
- 1925 – Benny Bailey, American jazz trumpeter
- 1926 – Fidel Castro, former President of Cuba
- 1930 – Tomas Borge, Nicaraguan politician (d. 2012)
- 1930 – Bernard Manning, English comedian (d. 2007)
- 1931 – Norman Read, New Zealand athlete (d. 1994)
- 1940 – Bill Musselman, American basketball player and coach (d. 2000)
- 1944 – Kevin Tighe, American actor
- 1945 – Lars Engqvist, Swedish politician
- 1948 – Roberto Micheletti, Honduran politician
- 1949 – Philippe Petit, French high wire artist
- 1951 – Dan Fogelberg, American musician (d. 2007)
- 1952 – Hughie Thomasson, American guitarist
- 1955 – Paul Greengrass, American director
- 1958 – Fearghal Sharkey, Northern Irish singer
- 1960 – Phil Taylor, English darts player
- 1961 – Christos Christodolou, Greek basketball player
- 1961 – Cary Stayner, American serial killer
- 1962 – John Slattery, American actor
- 1964 – Debi Mazar, American actress
- 1966 – Shayne Corson, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1969 – Midori Ito, Japanese figure skater
- 1970 – Alan Shearer, English footballer
- 1972 – Hani Hanjour, Saudi Arabian terrorist (d. 2001)
- 1975 – Joe Perry, English snooker player
- 1975 – Marty Turco, Canadian ice hockey goaltender
- 1978 – Benjani Mwaruwari, Zimbabwean footballer
- 1982 – Shani Davis, American speed skater
- 1983 – Thomas Schwall, American ski jumper
- 1984 – Niko Kranjcar, Croatian footballer
- 1984 – James Morrison, British singer
- 1985 – Mattia Pasini, Italian motorcycle racer
- 1990 – Sae Miyazawa, Japanese singer (AKB48)
Deaths [change]
- 586 – Radegund, Queen consort of Clotaire I
- 900 – Zwentibold, last King of Lotharingia (b. 870)
- 1134 – Irene of Hungary (b. 1088)
- 1382 – Eleanor of Aragon, queen of John I of Castile (b. 1358)
- 1667 – Jeremy Taylor, Irish author and bishop (b. 1613)
- 1686 – Louis Maimbourg, historian (b. 1610)
- 1744 – John Cruger, Dutch-born American politician and 39th Mayor of New York City (b. 1678)
- 1826 – Rene Laennec, French physician (b. 1781)
- 1863 – Eugène Delacroix, French painter (b. 1798)
- 1865 – Ignaz Semmelweis, Austrian-Hungarian physician (b. 1818)
- 1910 – Florence Nightingale, English nurse (b. 1820)
- 1912 – Jules Massenet, French composer (b. 1842)
- 1917 – Eduard Buchner, German chemist (b. 1860)
- 1946 – H. G. Wells, English writer (b. 1866)
- 1958 – Otto Witte, German acrobat and claimant to the throne of Albania (b. 1868)
- 1965 – Ikeda Hayato, Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1899)
- 1982 – Joe Tex, American musician (b. 1933)
- 1984 – Tigran Petrosian, Armenian chess player (b. 1929).
- 1989 – Tim Richmond, American race car driver (b. 1955)
- 1994 – Elias Canetti, Bulgarian-born writer (b. 1905)
- 1995 – Alison Hargreaves, British mountaineer (b. 1963)
- 1995 – Mickey Mantle, American Baseball Hall of Famer (b. 1931)
- 1995 – Jan Křesadlo, Czech-born writer (b. 1926)
- 1996 – David Tudor, pianist and composer (b. 1926).
- 1996 – Antonio de Spinola, Portuguese general and politician (b. 1910)
- 2004 – Julia Child, American chef and television personality (b. 1912)
- 2005 – David Lange, Prime Minister of New Zealand (b. 1942)
- 2008 – Henri Cartan, French mathematician (b. 1904)
- 2008 – Sandy Allen, American, world's tallest woman (b. 1953)
- 2009 – Les Paul, American musician (b. 1915)
- 2010 – Lance Cade, American professional wrestler (b. 1981)
- 2012 – Helen Gurley Brown, American author, publisher and businesswoman (b. 1922)
- 2012 – Johnny Pesky, American baseball player and coach (b. 1919)
Events [change]
- 3113 B.C. – Maya Calendar, started on this date (some sources give August 11). It ends either on December 21 or 23, 2012.
- 523 – John succeeds Hormisdas as Pope.
- 1099 – Paschal II is elected Pope.
- 1315 – Louis X of France marries Clemence d'Anjou.
- 1326 – Aradia de Toscano, according to legend/folklore, is initiated into a Dianic witchcraft cult, subsequently founds the tradition of Stregheria later known as the Malandanti.
- 1415 – Henry V of England lands at Chef-en-Caux, France with 8000 men.
- 1516 – Treaty of Noyon between France and Spain signed. In it, Francis recognizes Charles's claim to Naples, and Charles recognizes Francis's claim to Milan.
- 1521 – Tenochtitlán (present day Mexico City) falls to conquistador Hernán Cortés
- 1536 – Buddhist monks from Kyoto's Enryaku Temple set fire to 21 Nichiren temples throughout Kyoto in the Tenbun Hokke Disturbance. (Traditional Japanese date: July 27, 1536).
- 1553 – Michael Servetus arrested by John Calvin in Geneva as a heretic.
- 1704 – War of the Spanish Succession: Battle of Blenheim - English and Austrians victorious over French and Bavarians.
- 1792 – Louis XVI of France is formally arrested by the National Tribunal and declared an enemy of the people.
- 1814 – The Convention of London, a treaty between the United Kingdom and the United Provinces, is signed in London.
- 1831 – Nat Turner sees a solar eclipse which he believes is a sign of God. 8 days later he and 70 other slaves kill approximately 55 whites in Southampton County, Virginia.
- 1868 – A large earthquake strikes near Arica (then in Peru, now in Chile), causing an estimated 25,000 casualties and a tsunami that causes damage as far away as Hawaii and New Zealand.
- 1878 – The Luray Caverns in Northwest Virginia are discovered.
- 1898 – Spanish-American War: Spanish and US forces engage in a mock battle in Manila, after which the Spanish commander surrenders in order to keep the city out of Filipino hands.
- 1898 – Carl Gustav Witt discovers 433 Eros, the first near-Earth asteroid to be found.
- 1905 – Norway holds a referendum in favour of dissolving the union with Sweden.
- 1913 – Otto Witte, an acrobat, is crowned King of Albania.
- 1913 – Invention of stainless steel by Harry Brearley.
- 1918 – Women enlist in the United States Marine Corps for the first time. Opha Mae Johnson is the first woman to enlist.
- 1920 – Polish-Soviet War: Battle of Warsaw begins, lasts till August 25. The Red Army is defeated.
- 1923 – First major sea-going ship arrives at Gdynia, newly constructed Polish seaport.
- 1937 – The Japanese attack Shanghai, China.
- 1940 – World War II: Battle of Britain begins - The Luftwaffe launches a series of attacks on British fighter bases and radar installations.
- 1942 – Walt Disney's fifth animated feature, Bambi, premiers.
- 1960 – The Central African Republic declares independence from France.
- 1961 – The German Democratic Republic closes the border between the eastern and western sectors of Berlin, to thwart its inhabitants' attempts to escape to the West. The Berlin Wall is built as a result.
- 1964 – Peter Allen and Gwynne Evans are hanged for the murder of John Alan West, becoming the last people to be executed in the United Kingdom.
- 1968 – Alexandros Panagoulis attempts to assassinate Greek military leader George Papadopoulos in Varkiza, Athens.
- 1969 – The three Apollo 11 astronauts, Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin and Michael Collins, are released from a 3-week quarantine to enjoy a ticker-tape parade in New York City. That evening, at a dinner in Los Angeles, California, they are awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by Richard Nixon.
- 1977 – Members of the British National Front clash with anti-National Front demonstrators in Lewisham, London. 111 people are injured and 214 arrested.
- 1978 – 150 Palestinians in Beirut are killed in a terrorist attack during the second phase of the Lebanese Civil War.
- 1984 – The new International Airport of Jakarta is opened.
- 1987 – U.S. President Ronald Reagan assumes responsibility for his role in the Iran-Contra scandal.
- 1996 – Marc Dutroux, his wife Michelle Martin and Lelièvre were arrested.
- 1997 – South Park debuts on Comedy Central.
- 2004 – Games of the XXVIII Olympiad opens in Athens, Greece.
- 2004 – Hurricane Charley, a Category 4 storm, strikes the Fort Myers, Florida, area.
- 2004 – Black Friday crackdown by NSS on a peaceful protest in the capital city of Maldives, Malé.
- 2004 – 156 Congolese Tutsi refugees massacred at the Gatumba refugee camp in Burundi.
- 2008 – American swimmer Michael Phelps breaks the Olympic Games' individual gold medal record.
- 2008 – South Ossetian War: Russian troops occupy the Georgian city of Gori.
Observances [change]
- Independence Day (Central African Republic)
- International Lefthanders Day
