July 17
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July 17 is the 198th day of the year (199th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 167 days remaining after July 17 until the end of the year.
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[change] Births
- 1744 – Elbridge Gerry, Vice President of the United States (d. 1814)
- 1763 – John Jacob Astor, American businessman (d. 1848)
- 1831 – Xianfeng, Emperor of China (d. 1861)
- 1846 – Nicholas Miklouho-Maclay, Russian scientist, anthropologist and explorer of New Guinea (d. 1888)
- 1860 – Clara Viebig, German writer (d. 1952)
- 1888 – Shmuel Yosef Agnon, Israeli writer (d. 1970)
- 1889 – Erle Stanley Gardner, American writer (Perry Mason) (d. 1970)
- 1894 – Georges Lemaitre, Belgian priest and astrophysicist (d. 1966)
- 1898 – Berenice Abbott, American photographer (d. 1991)
- 1899 – James Cagney, American actor (d. 1986)
- 1903 – Takeyama Michio, Japanese writer (d. 1984)
- 1917 – Phyllis Diller, American actress and comedienne
- 1918 – Carlos Manuel Arana Osorio, President of Guatemala (d. 2003)
- 1920 – Gordon Gould, American, inventor of the laser (d. 2005)
- 1920 – Juan Antonio Samaranch, Spanish Olympic official (d. 2010)
- 1929 – Sergei K. Godunov, Russian mathematician
- 1935 – Donald Sutherland, Canadian actor
- 1939 – Ali Khamenei, Supreme Leader of Iran
- 1944 – Carlos Alberto Torres, Brazilian footballer
- 1946 – Alun Armstrong, British actor
- 1947 – Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall
- 1948 – Ron Asheton, American musician (d. 2009)
- 1950 or 1952 – Phoebe Snow, American singer-songwriter (d. 2011)
- 1951 – Lucie Arnaz, American actress
- 1952 – David Hasselhoff, American actor
- 1954 – Angela Merkel, Chancellor of Germany
- 1954 – Edward Natapei, former Prime Minister of Vanuatu
- 1961 – Guru, American rapper (d. 2010)
- 1963 – Letsie III, King of Lesotho
- 1972 – Jaap Stam, Dutch footballer
- 1976 – Anders Svensson, Swedish footballer
- 1977 – M.I.A., British singer
- 1982 – Natasha Hamilton, British singer (Atomic Kitten)
- 1984 – Asami Kimura, Japanese singer
- 1985 – Tom Fletcher, British singer (McFly)
- 1990 – Mattie Stepanek, American poet (d. 2004)
[change] Deaths
- 924 – Edward the Elder, King of England is killed in battle (b. c. 874)
- 1070 – Baldwin VI, Count of Flanders (b. 1030)
- 1571 – Georg Fabricius, German poet and historian (b. 1516)
- 1762 – Tsar Peter III of Russia (b. 1728)
- 1790 – Adam Smith, Scottish economist (b. 1723)
- 1793 – Charlotte Corday, French aristocrat (b. 1768)
- 1845 – Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1764)
- 1859 – Stephanie of Hohenzollern, Queen Consort of Portugal (b. 1837)
- 1878 – Aleardo Aleardi, Italian poet (b. 1812)
- 1887 – Dorothea Dix, American social activist (b. 1802)
- 1912 – Henri Poincare, French mathematician (b. 1854)
- 1918 – Tsar Nicholas II of Russia (Gregorian calendar date) (b. 1868)
- 1918 – Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna of Russia (b. 1895)
- 1918 – Grand Duchess Tatiana Nikolaevna of Russia (b. 1897)
- 1918 – Tsarevich Alexei of Russia (b. 1904)
- 1918 – Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna of Russia (b. 1899)
- 1918 – Alexandra Fyodorovna, Tsarina of Russia (b. 1872)
- 1918 – Grand Duchess Anastasia of Russia (b. 1901)
- 1928 – Giovanni Giolitti, five-times Prime Minister of Italy (b. 1842)
- 1959 – Billie Holiday, singer (b. 1915)
- 1959 – Eugene Meyer, American businessman and newspaper publisher (The Washington Post) (b. 1875)
- 1961 – Ty Cobb, American Baseball Hall of Famer (b. 1886)
- 1967 – John Coltrane, American jazz musician (b. 1926)
- 1975 – Konstantine Gamsakhurdia, Georgian writer and public benefactor (b. 1893)
- 1980 – Boris Delaunay, Soviet/Russian mathematician (b. 1890)
- 1995 – Juan Manuel Fangio, Argentinian race car driver (b. 1911)
- 2001 – Katharine Graham, Washington Post publisher (b. 1917)
- 2002 – Joseph Luns, NATO Secretary-General (b. 1910)
- 2003 – Hans Abich, German TV producer (b. 1918)
- 2003 – Rosalyn Tureck, American pianist and harpsichordist (b. 1914)
- 2003 – Dr. David Kelly, UN weapons inspector (b. 1944)
- 2004 – Pat Roach, American wrestler and actor (b. 1937)
- 2005 – Edward Heath, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1916)
- 2006 – Mickey Spillane, American author (b. 1918)
- 2009 – Walter Cronkite, American broadcast journalist (b. 1916)
- 2009 – Leszek Kolakowski, Polish philosopher (b. 1927)
- 2009 – Meir Amit, Israeli general and politician (b. 1921)
- 2010 – Bernard Giraudeau, French actor and director (b. 1947)
- 2011 – Juan Maria Bordaberry, President of Uruguay (b. 1928)
[change] Events
- 1402 – Yongle becomes Emperor of China.
- 1821 – Florida goes into US control.
- 1897 – The Klondike Gold Rush begins.
- 1917 – The British Royal Family changes its name to Windsor.
- 1918 – Nicholas II, the Czar of Russia, his wife, and their 5 children are executed by the Bolsheviks, under orders from Vladimir Lenin.
- 1936 – The Spanish Civil War begins.
- 1948 – The South Korean Constitution is proclaimed.
- 1955 – Disneyland opens in Anaheim, California.
- 1973 – Afghanistan: Mohammed Daoud Khan removes his cousin Mohammed Zahir Shah from power.
- 1976 – 25 African countries boycott the Summer Olympics.
- 1976 – Indonesia takes control of East Timor.
- 1979 – The Sandinistas start to govern Nicaragua, after Anastasio Somoza Debayle flees to Miami, Florida.
- 1994 – Brazil wins the FIFA World Cup for a fourth time, after a penalty shootout win over Italy, which is remembered for Roberto Baggio's missed penalty kick.
- 1996 – A Boeing 747 airplane explodes near Long Island, New York, killing 230 people.
- 1998 – An earthquake causes a tsunami, which destroys ten villages in Papua New Guinea, killing 3,183 people, and leaving more than 2,000 unaccounted for.
- 2006 – A tsunami south of Java kills around 300 people.
- 2007 – A plane crashes and bursts into flames at Sao Paulo International Airport in Brazil, killing all 187 people on board, and 12 on the ground.
- 2011 – Japan wins the FIFA Women's World Cup, defeating the United States in a penalty shoot-out.
[change] Observances
- Constitution Day (South Korea)
- Independence Day (Slovakia)
- King's birthday (Lesotho)
- World Day for International Justice
