April 30
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(Redirected from 30 April)
April 30 is the 120th day of the year (121st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 245 days remaining until the end of the year.
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Events[change]
- 313 - Battle of Tzillarum: Emperor Licinius defeats Maximinus II and unifies the Eastern Roman Empire.
- 711 – Tariq ibn Ziyad reaches Gibraltar, beginning Moorish rule in Spain.
- 1492 – Spain gives Christopher Columbus his commission of exploration.
- 1557 - Mapuche leader Lautaro is killed by Spanish forces at the Battle of Mataquito in Chile
- 1789 – George Washington becomes the first President of the United States.
- 1803 – The US buys the Louisiana Territory from France, more than doubling its land area.
- 1812 – Louisiana becomes a state of the US.
- 1838 – Nicaragua declares independence from the Central American Federation.
- 1863 - A 65-man French Foreign Legion infantry patrol fights a force of nearly 2,000 Mexican soldiers to nearly the last man at Hacienda Camaron, Mexico.
- 1871 - Camp Grant Massacre in the Arizona Territory.
- 1900 – Hawaii becomes a US territory, with Sanford Dole as Governor.
- 1907 – Honolulu becomes an independent city.
- 1920 – Peru becomes a signatory of the Buenos Aires Copyright Treaty.
- 1927 – Douglas Fairbanks and Mary Pickford become the first celebrities to leave their footprints in concrete at Grauman's Chinese Theatre in Hollywood.
- 1927 - The Federal Industrial Institute for Women opens in Alderson, West Virginia, as the first women's federal prison in the United States.
- 1938 - First televised FA Cup final between Huddersfield Town and Preston North End
- 1939 - Start of the 1939/40 World's Fair in New York City.
- 1939 - NBC inaugurates its regularly scheduled TV service in New York City.
- 1941 – British steam freighter Nerissa is torpedoed near Rockall by a German U-boat, causing it to sink, with the loss of 207 lives.
- 1943 - World War II: Operation Mincemeat - Submarine HMS Seraph surfaces in the Mediterranean Sea off Spain to deposit a dead man planted with false invasion plans dressed as a British military intelligence officer.
- 1945 – World War II: One day after getting married, Adolf Hitler and his wife Eva Braun commit suicide. On the same day, Red Army troops raise the Soviet flag on the Reichstag building.
- 1945 – World War II: American forces take Munich.
- 1947 – In Nevada, the Boulder Dam is renamed Hoover Dam for the second time.
- 1948 - The Organization of American States is formed in Bogota, Colombia.
- 1952 – The Diary of Anne Frank is published in English.
- 1961 - K-19, the first Soviet nuclear submarine equipped with nuclear missiles, is commissioned.
- 1963 - Fehmarnsundbroen, a bridge connecting the island of Fehmarn to mainland Denmark, is opened to traffic.
- 1966 – The Church of Satan is founded.
- 1975 – With the fall of Saigon, the Vietnam War officially comes to an end.
- 1980 – Beatrix becomes Queen of the Netherlands, after the decision of her mother, Queen Juliana to abdicate the throne.
- 1993 – The World Wide Web is released for use.
- 1993 – Tennis player Monica Seles is stabbed by an obsessed fan of her rival Steffi Graf, during a tournament in Germany.
- 1994 – Austrian Formula 1 driver Roland Ratzenberger is killed in a crash, while practising for the San Marino Grand Prix, at which fellow driver Ayrton Senna is killed the next day.
- 1995 - Bill Clinton becomes the first President of the United States to visit Northern Ireland.
- 1999 – Cambodia joins ASEAN.
- 2004 - US media release graphic photographs of US soldiers abusing Iraqi prisoners at Abu Ghraib prison.
- 2006 – Along with her brother, Swiss ski racer Corinne Rey-Bellet is shot dead by her husband, who commits suicide a short time later.
- 2009 - Chrysler files for Chapter 11 bankruptcy.
- 2009 – Netherlands: An attempted attack is made on the Dutch Royal Family at a Queen's Day parade in Apeldoorn, as a car is driven into the crowd, killing seven spectators, and the perpetrator, Karst Tates, who dies the next day.
- 2013 - Beatrix of the Netherlands abdicates the throne. Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands is the new King, the first Dutch King since 1890.
Births[change]
- 1245 – King Philip III of France (d. 1285)
- 1306 - Andrea Dandolo, ruler of Venice (d. 1354)
- 1310 – Casimir III of Poland (d. 1368)
- 1331 – Gaston III, Count of Foix (d. 1391)
- 1553 - Louise of Lorraine (d. 1601)
- 1586 – Saint Rose of Lima, Peruvian saint (d. 1617)
- 1602 – William Lilly, English astrologer (d. 1681)
- 1623 – François de Laval, first bishop of New France (d. 1708)
- 1651 – Jean-Baptiste de la Salle, French educational reformer (d. 1719)
- 1662 – Queen Mary II of England (d. 1694)
- 1664 – François Louis, Prince of Conti, French general (d. 1709)
- 1710 – Johann Kaspar Basselet von La Rosée, Bavarian general (d. 1795)
- 1721 – Roger Sherman, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (d. 1793)
- 1723 - Mathurin Jacques Brisson, French naturalist (d. 1806)
- 1770 – David Thompson, English-Canadian explorer (d. 1857)
- 1777 – Carl Friedrich Gauss, German mathematician, astronomer, and physicist (d. 1855)
- 1803 – Albrecht von Roon, Prussian politician (d. 1879)
- 1812 – Kaspar Hauser, German boy whose early life is a mystery (d. 1833)
- 1829 - Ferdinand von Hochstetter, Austrian geologist (d. 1884)
- 1839 - Archduke Karl Salvator of Austria (d. 1892)
- 1852 – Tewfik Pasha, ruler of Egypt (d. 1892)
- 1857 – Eugene Bleuler, Swiss psychiatrist (d. 1940)
- 1864 - Juhan Liiv, Estonian poet (d. 1913)
- 1865 – Max Nettlau, German anarchist and historian (d. 1944)
- 1869 - Hans Poelzig, German architect, painter and set designer (d. 1936)
- 1870 – Franz Lehár, Austrian composer (d. 1948)
- 1870 - Homer Stille Cummings, American jurist and politician (d. 1956)
- 1877 – Alice B. Toklas, American companion of Gertrude Stein (d. 1967)
- 1883 – Jaroslav Hašek, Czech novelist (d. 1923)
- 1884 - Olof Sandborg, Swedish movie and theatre actor (d. 1965)
- 1887 – Anne Zernike, Dutch theologian and minister (d. 1972)
- 1888 - David Jacobs, Welsh athlete (d. 1976)
- 1889 - Fritz Pfeffer, German dentist and Holocaust victim (d. 1944)
- 1893 – Joachim von Ribbentrop, Nazi foreign minister (d. 1946)
- 1897 - Humberto Mauro, Brazilian director and screenwriter (d. 1983)
- 1901 – Simon Kuznets, Ukrainian-born economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1985)
- 1902 – Theodore Schultz, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1998)
- 1905 – Sergey Nikolsky, Russian mathematician (d. 2012)
- 1908 – Eve Arden, American actress (d. 1990)
- 1908 – Bjarni Benediktsson, Prime Minister of Iceland (d. 1970)
- 1909 – Queen Juliana of the Netherlands (d. 2004)
- 1916 – Claude Shannon, American engineer and mathematician (d. 2001)
- 1916 – Robert Shaw, American conductor (d. 1999)
- 1923 - Al Lewis, American actor (d. 2006)
- 1923 - Kagamisato Kiyoji, Japanese sumo wrestler (d. 2004)
- 1925 – Johnny Horton, American musician (d. 1960)
- 1925 - Corinne Calvet, French actress
- 1930 – Lawton Chiles, American politician (d. 1998)
- 1932 – Antonio Tejero, Spanish coup leader
- 1933 – Willie Nelson, American musician, composer, and actor
- 1938 - Gary Collins, American actor (d. 2012)
- 1938 – Larry Niven, American writer
- 1940 - Ermindo Onega, Argentine footballer
- 1940 – Burt Young, American actor
- 1941 – Johnny Farina, American guitarist (Santo and Johnny)
- 1943 – Bobby Vee, American singer
- 1943 – Frederick Chiluba, former President of Zambia (d. 2011)
- 1944 – Jill Clayburgh, American actress (d. 2010)
- 1944 – Rudi Assauer, German footballer
- 1945 – Annie Dillard, American writer
- 1945 – Michael Smith, American astronaut (d. 1986)
- 1946 – King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden
- 1946 – Sven Nordqvist, Swedish writer and illustrator
- 1946 – Bill Plympton, American animator and director
- 1946 – Don Schollander, American swimmer
- 1947 - Mats Odell, Swedish politician
- 1948 – Perry King, American actor
- 1949 – Phil Garner, American baseball manager
- 1949 – Antonio Guterres, former Prime Minister of Portugal
- 1952 - Jacques Audiard, French movie director and screenwriter
- 1953 - Merrill Osmond, American actor and singer (The Osmonds)
- 1954 – Jane Campion, New Zealand movie director
- 1955 – Nicolas Hulot, French journalist and writer
- 1956 – Jorge Chaminé, Portuguese baritone
- 1956 – Lars von Trier, Danish movie director
- 1959 – Stephen Harper, Prime Minister of Canada
- 1961 – Isiah Thomas, American basketball player, coach, and team owner
- 1961 – Thomas Schaaf, German footballer
- 1964 – Barrington Levy, Jamaican musician
- 1967 - Steven Mackintosh, English actor
- 1969 – Justine Greening, British politician
- 1969 – Paulo Jr., Brazilian bassist (Sepultura)
- 1969 – Clark Vogeler, American guitarist (The Toadies)
- 1973 – Naomi Novik, American writer
- 1975 – Elliott Sadler, American race car driver
- 1978 – Tom Fulp, Newgrounds creator
- 1978 – Simone Barone, Italian footballer
- 1979 – Gerardo Torrado, Mexican footballer
- 1980 - Jeroen Verhoeven, Dutch footballer
- 1981 – Kunal Nayyar, British actor
- 1981 – John O'Shea, Irish footballer
- 1982 – Kirsten Dunst, American actress
- 1982 – Justin Green, National Football League fullback
- 1983 – Nenad Milijas, Serbian footballer
- 1983 – Tatjana Huefner, German luger
- 1983 – Troy Williamson, American football player
- 1986 – Dianna Agron, American actress
- 1987 - Rohit Sharma, Indian cricketer
- 1989 - Jang Wooyoung, South Korean singer
- 2002 - Miguel Urdangarin y de Borbon, Spanish royal
Deaths[change]
- 65 – Lucan, Roman poet (born 39)
- 1030 - Mahmud of Ghazni, Indian ruler of the Ghaznavid Dynasty (b. 971)
- 1063 – Emperor Renzong of China (born 1010)
- 1341 - John III, Duke of Brittany (born 1285)
- 1439 - Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick, English military leader (born 1382)
- 1513 – Edmund de la Pole, Yorkist claimant to the English throne
- 1544 - Thomas Audley, 1st Baron Audley of Walden, Lord Chancellor of England
- 1550 - Tabinshwehti, King of Burma (born 1516)
- 1555 – Pope Marcellus II (born 1501)
- 1632 – King Sigismund of Sweden (born 1561)
- 1632 – Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly, military leader in the Thirty Years' War (born 1559)
- 1637 - Niwa Nagashige, Japanese daimyo (born 1571)
- 1660 - Petrus Scriverius, Dutch writer (born 1576)
- 1736 – Johann Albert Fabricius, German classical scholar and bibliographer (born 1668)
- 1792 – John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich, English politician (born 1718)
- 1806 - Onogawa Kisaburo, Japanese sumo wrestler (born 1758)
- 1847 - Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen, Austrian nobleman and general (born 1771)
- 1865 – Robert FitzRoy, British admiral and meteorologist (born 1805)
- 1879 - Emma Hale Smith Bidamon, American religious leader (born 1804)
- 1883 – Edouard Manet, French painter (born 1832)
- 1895 – Gustav Freytag, German writer and journalist (born 1810)
- 1903 - Emily Stowe, Canadian physician and suffragist (born 1831)
- 1926 – Bessie Coleman, American pilot (born 1892)
- 1933 – Luis Miguel Sanchez Cerro, President of Peru (born 1889)
- 1936 - Alfred Edward Housman, English poet (born 1859)
- 1945 – Eva Braun, mistress and wife of Adolf Hitler (born 1912)
- 1945 – Adolf Hitler, Austrian politician, Nazi leader (born 1889)
- 1956 – Alben W. Barkley, Vice President of the United States (born 1877)
- 1966 - Richard Farina, American writer and singer (born 1837)
- 1970 - Inger Stevens, Swedish actress (born 1934)
- 1974 – Agnes Moorehead, American actress (born 1900)
- 1980 - Luis Munoz Marin, Puerto Rican poet, journalist and politician (born 1898)
- 1983 – George Balanchine, Georgian-born dancer and choreographer (born 1904)
- 1983 – Muddy Waters, American musician (born 1915)
- 1989 – Sergio Leone, Italian movie director (born 1929)
- 1989 - Bangja, Crown Princess Eumin of Korea (born 1901)
- 1993 – Mario Evaristo, Argentine footballer (born 1908)
- 1994 – Roland Ratzenberger, Austrian racecar driver (born 1960)
- 1995 – Maung Maung Kha, Burmese politician (born 1920)
- 1999 – Alf Ramsey, English football manager (born 1920)
- 2003 - Wim van Est, Dutch cyclist (born 1923)
- 2006 – Corinne Rey-Bellet, Swiss ski racer (born 1972)
- 2007 – Gregory Lemarchal, French singer (born 1983)
- 2009 - Venetia Platter, English girl who named the dwarf planet Pluto (born 1918)
- 2009 - Henk Nijdam, Dutch cyclist (born 1935)
- 2010 – Paul Mayer, German cardinal (born 1911)
- 2011 – Ernesto Sabato, Argentine writer and physicist (born 1911)
- 2012 – Tomas Borge, Nicaraguan politician (born 1930)
- 2012 – Alexander Dale Oen, Norwegian swimmer (born 1985)
Observances[change]
- Queen's Day in the Netherlands (birthday of Queen Juliana), celebrated on this date from 1949 to 2013
- King Carl XVI Gustaf's birthday, official Flag Day in Sweden
- Walpurgis Night (Central and Northern Europe)
- International Jazz Day
