December 9
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December 9 is the 343rd day of the year (344th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 22 days remaining until the end of the year.
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Events [change]
- 1775 – American Revolutionary War: British troops lose in the Battle of Great Bridge and leave Virginia shortly after.
- 1824 – Battle of Ayacucho: Peruvian troops defeat the Spanish, who then end their colonial rule over Peru.
- 1835 – The Texan Army captures San Antonio, Texas.
- 1851 – The YMCA in North America is founded in Montreal.
- 1872 – P. B. S. Pinchback becomes the first African American State Governor in the US, in Louisiana.
- 1897 – Activist Marguerite Durand founds the feminist daily newspaper, La Fronde, in Paris.
- 1905 – France passes the law separating church and state.
- 1911 – A mine explosion in Briceville, Tennessee kills 84 miners.
- 1922 – Gabriel Narutowicz is confirmed as President of Poland.
- 1937 – In the Second Sino-Japanese War, Japanese troops launch an assault on the city of Nanjing.
- 1941 – World War II: The Republic of China, Cuba, Guatemala, the Republic of Korea and the Philippine Commonwealth declare War on Japan.
- 1946 – The Constituent Assembly of India meets to write the Constitution.
- 1953 – Red Scare: General Electric announces the discharge of all Communist employees.
- 1960 – Coronation Street is broadcast for the first time on British television.
- 1961 – Tanganyika becomes independent. In 1964 it joins with Zanzibar to form Tanzania.
- 1962 – Tanganyika joins the Commonwealth of Nations.
- 1966 – Barbados joins the UN.
- 1971 – The United Arab Emirates join the UN.
- 1973 – Britain and Ireland sign the Sunningdale Agreement.
- 1979 – The eradication of Smallpox is announced.
- 1990 – Lech Walesa becomes President of Poland.
- 2003 – A blast in central Moscow kills 6 people.
- 2008 – Illinois Governor Rod Blagojevich is arrested by federal agents on a number of crimes, including trying to sell the United States Senate Seat of Barack Obama, who had been elected President.
Births [change]
- 1447 – Chenghua Emperor of China (d. 1487)
- 1508 – Gemma Frisius, Dutch mathematician and mapmaker (d. 1555)
- 1571 – Metius, Dutch mathematician and astronomer (d. 1635)
- 1594 – King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden (d. 1632)
- 1608 – John Milton, English poet (d. 1674)
- 1748 – Claude Louis Berthollet, French chemist (d. 1822)
- 1751 – Maria Luisa of Parma, Queen of Spain (d. 1819)
- 1842 – Peter Kropotkin, Russian anarchist and writer (d. 1921)
- 1850 – Emma Abbott, American soprano (d. 1891)
- 1868 – Fritz Haber, German chemist (d. 1934)
- 1883 – Alexander Papagos, Greek general and Prime Minister (d. 1955)
- 1886 – Clarence Birdseye, American frozen food manufacturer (d. 1956)
- 1889 – Hannes Kolehmainen, Finnish long-distance runner (d. 1966)
- 1901 – Carol Dempster, American actress (d. 1991)
- 1901 – Odon von Horvath, Austro-Hungarian writer (d. 1938)
- 1906 – Grace Hopper, American computer scientist (d. 1992)
- 1909 – Douglas Fairbanks, Jr., American actor (d. 2000)
- 1912 – Tip O'Neill, American politician (d. 1994)
- 1915 – Elisabeth Schwarzkopf, German soprano (d. 2006)
- 1916 – Kirk Douglas, American actor
- 1917 – James Rainwater, American physicist (d. 1986)
- 1919 – William Lipscomb, American chemist (d. 2011)
- 1920 – Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, former President of Italy
- 1926 – Henry Way Kendall, American physicist (d. 1999)
- 1929 – Bob Hawke, 23rd Prime Minister of Australia.
- 1929 – John Cassavetes, American director and actor (d. 1989)
- 1934 – Judi Dench, British actress
- 1942 – Billy Bremner, Scottish footballer (d. 1997)
- 1946 – Sonia Gandhi, Italian-born Indian politician
- 1948 – Dennis Dunaway, American musician
- 1949 – Tom Kite, American golfer
- 1949 – Nando Parrado, Uruguayan plane crash survivor
- 1950 – Joan Armatrading, British musician and singer-songwriter.
- 1953 – John Malkovich, American actor
- 1954 – Jean-Claude Juncker, Prime Minister of Luxembourg
- 1957 – Donny Osmond, American singer and actor
- 1960 – Caroline Lucas, British politician
- 1962 – Felicity Huffman, American actress
- 1963 – Crown Princess Masako of Japan
- 1963 – Zurab Zhvania, Prime Minister of Georgia (d. 2005)
- 1964 – Hape Kerkeling, German comedian, actor and television presenter
- 1964 – Johannes B. Kerner, German television presenter
- 1964 – Paul Landers, German guitarist
- 1966 – Kirsten Gillibrand, American politician
- 1968 – Kurt Angle, American professional wrestler
- 1969 – Bixente Lizarazu, French footballer
- 1972 – Fabrice Santoro, Tahitian-French tennis player
- 1972 – Tré Cool, American musician (Green Day)
- 1977 – Imogen Heap, English singer-songwriter
- 1978 – Jesse Metcalfe, American actor
- 1981 – Mardy Fish, American tennis player
- 1983 – Jermaine Beckford, English footballer
- 1983 – Dariusz Dudka, Polish footballer
- 1989 – Lindsey Evans, American glamour model
- 1990 – LaFee, German singer
- 1991 – Prince Joachim of Belgium, Archduke of Austria-Este
Deaths [change]
- 1165 – King Malcolm IV of Scotland (b. 1141)
- 1437 – Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1368)
- 1565 – Pope Pius IV (b. 1499)
- 1641 – Anthony van Dyck, Flemish painter (b. 1599)
- 1669 – Pope Clement XI (b. 1600)
- 1706 – King Peter II of Portugal (b. 1648)
- 1916 – Natsume Soseki, Japanese novelist (b. 1867)
- 1937 – Nils Gustaf Dalen, Swedish physicist (b. 1869)
- 1955 – Hermann Weyl, German mathematician (b. 1885)
- 1964 – Edith Sitwell, English poet (b. 1887)
- 1971 – Ralph Bunche, American diplomat (b. 1904)
- 1981 – Daniel Faulkner, Philadelphia police officer (b. 1955)
- 1982 – Asmundur Sveinsson, Icelandic sculptor (b. 1893)
- 1991 – Berenice Abbott, American photographer (b. 1898)
- 1996 – Mary Leakey, British archaeologist and anthropologist (b. 1913)
- 1998 – Archie Moore, American boxer (b. 1913)
- 2004 – Lea De Mae, Czech actress (b. 1976)
- 2005 – Gyorgy Sandor, Hungarian pianist (b. 1912)
- 2009 – Gene Barry, American actor (b. 1919)
- 2010 – James Moody, American jazz musician (b. 1925)
- 2012 - Patrick Moore, English astronomer, author and broadcaster (b. 1923)
Observances [change]
- National holiday in Tanzania, celebrating independence of Tanganyika in 1961
