February 3
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February 3 is the 34th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 331 days remaining until the end of the year (332 in leap years).
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Events [change]
- 1690 – The colony of Massachusetts issues the first paper money in America.
- 1783 – American Revolutionary War: Spain recognizes United States independence.
- 1809 – Illinois Territory is created.
- 1815 – The first commercial cheese factory is founded (Switzerland).
- 1830 - Greece's sovereignty is confirmed by the London Protocol.
- 1870 – The 15th Amendment to the United States Constitution is passed.
- 1900 - Governor of Kentucky William Goebel dies four days after being shot, and three days after being sworn in to office.
- 1913 – The 16th Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified. It lets the Federal government create and collect income tax.
- 1916 – Parliament buildings in Ottawa, Canada burn down.
- 1917 – World War I: The United States breaks off diplomatic relations with Germany a day after Germany announces a new policy of submarine warfare.
- 1918 - The Twin Peaks Tunnel in San Francisco begins service as the longest streetcar tunnel in the world, at 3,633 metres long.
- 1931 - A magnitude 7.8 earthquake hits New Zealand's North Island, mainly the cities of Napier and Hastings.
- 1944 – United States troops capture the Marshall Islands.
- 1945 – World War II: Soviet Union agrees to enter the Pacific Theatre fighting against Japan.
- 1947 - North America's lowest temperature is recorded in Snag, Yukon, Canada.
- 1952 – The earliest known tropical storm makes landfall in South Florida.
- 1958 - The Benelux Economic Union is formed.
- 1959 – An airplane crash kills musicians Buddy Holly, Ritchie Valens and The Big Bopper. This date becomes known as "The Day The Music Died".
- 1960 - Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Harold Macmillan makes a speech in which he says that "winds of change" are blowing across the African continent.
- 1961 - Start of the Angolan War of Independence.
- 1966 - The unmanned Soviet Luna 9 spacecraft is launched.
- 1967 - In Melbourne, Ronald Ryan becomes the last person to be executed in Australia.
- 1969 – In Cairo, Yasser Arafat is appointed Palestinian Liberation Organization leader at the Palestinian National Congress.
- 1972 – The first Winter Olympics to be held in Asia open in Sapporo, Japan.
- 1972 - Until February 9, a blizzard in Iran kills around 4,000 people.
- 1981 - Gro Harlem Brundtland is elected Prime Minister of Norway.
- 1988 – The United States House of Representatives rejects President Ronald Reagan's request for $36.25 million to aid Nicaraguan Contras.
- 1989 - In Paraguay, a coup removes Alfredo Stroessner from power.
- 1995 - Astronaut Eileen Collins becomes the first woman to pilot a space shuttle.
- 1998 – In Northern Italy 20 people die in a cable car disaster caused by a low-flying United States Military plane.
- 2002 – Super Bowl XXXVI: The New England Patriots defeat the St. Louis Rams, 20–17, to win their first Super Bowl championship.
- 2006 – The Egyptian al-Salam Boccaccio ferry sinks in the Red Sea, killing around 1,000 people.
- 2007 - A bombing at a market in Baghdad kills 135 people.
- 2008 – Super Bowl XLII: The New York Giants defeat the New England Patriots, 17–14, to win their third Super Bowl championship.
- 2010 - The sculpture L'homme qui marche by Alberto Giacometti is sold at an auction in London for £ 65 million.
- 2011 - Tropical Cyclone Yasi hits Queensland, Australia.
- 2013 - Super Bowl XLVII is interrupted by a power failure just after half time, with the Baltimore Ravens leading 28-6 over the San Francisco 49ers. After over half an hour, play gets back underway.
Births [change]
- 1338 – Jeanne de Bourbon, Queen of France (d. 1378)
- 1736 – Johann Georg Albrechtsberger, Austrian composer (d. 1809)
- 1795 – Antonio Jose de Sucre, South American independence leader (d. 1830)
- 1808 – Princess Marie of Saxe-Weimar of Eisenach, Empress of Prussia (d. 1877)
- 1809 – Felix Mendelssohn, German composer (d. 1847)
- 1811 – Horace Greeley, American journalist, editor, and publisher (d. 1872)
- 1821 – Elizabeth Blackwell, British-American physician (d. 1910)
- 1830 – Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1903)
- 1859 – Hugo Junkers, German aircraft designer (d. 1935)
- 1870 – Ada Negri, Italian actress (d. 1945)
- 1874 – Gertrude Stein, American writer and publicist (d. 1946)
- 1887 – Georg Trakl, Austrian writer (d. 1914)
- 1894 – Norman Rockwell, American artist, illustrator (d. 1978)
- 1898 – Alvar Aalto, Finnish architect (d. 1976)
- 1903 – Douglas Douglas-Hamilton, Scottish aviator (d. 1973)
- 1907 – James A. Michener, American writer (d. 1997)
- 1909 – Simone Weil, French philosopher (d. 1943)
- 1911 – Jehan Alain, French composer (d. 1940)
- 1911 - Robert Earl Jones, American actor (d. 2006)
- 1912 – Mary Carlisle, American actress
- 1915 – Boris Paichadze, Georgian footballer (d. 1990)
- 1925 – Leon Schlumpf, Swiss Federal Councillor
- 1926 – Hans-Jochen Vogel, German politician
- 1927 – Val Doonican, Irish singer and entertainer
- 1932 – Michael Martin, American philosopher
- 1943 – Blythe Danner, American actress
- 1943 – Dennis Edwards, American singer (The Temptations)
- 1947 – Dave Davies, English musician (The Kinks)
- 1947 – Paul Auster, American writer
- 1948 – Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo, East Timorese bishop and Nobel Peace Prize winner
- 1948 – Henning Mankell, Swedish writer
- 1950 – Morgan Fairchild, American actress
- 1951 – Blaise Campaore, President of Burkina Faso
- 1955 – Stephen Euin Cobb, American writer
- 1955 – Bruno Pezzey, Austrian footballer (d. 1994)
- 1955 – Kirsty Wark, Scottish broadcast journalist
- 1960 – Joachim Löw, German football trainer
- 1963 – Stefano Mei, Italian sportsperson (athletics)
- 1964 – Michael Rummenigge, German footballer
- 1967 – Mixu Paatelainen, Finnish footballer and coach
- 1971 – Sarah Kane, British playwright (d. 1999)
- 1972 – Mart Poom, Estonian footballer
- 1976 – Isla Fisher, Australian actress
- 1977 – Daddy Yankee, Puerto Rican singer
- 1978 – Joan Capdevila, Spanish footballer
- 1983 – Gabriel Sargissian, Armenian chess player
- 1988 – Gregory van der Wiel, Dutch footballer
- 1989 – Vania King, American tennis player
- 1990 – Sean Kingston, American singer
Deaths [change]
- 1014 – King Sweyn I of Denmark
- 1399 – John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster (b. 1340)
- 1451 – Murad II, Ottoman Sultan (b. 1404)
- 1468 – Johannes Gutenberg, German publisher
- 1820 – Emperor Gia Long of Vietnam (b. 1762)
- 1832 – George Crabbe, English naturalist (b. 1754)
- 1874 – William Charles Lunalilo, King of Hawaii (b. 1835)
- 1889 – Belle Starr, American outlaw (b. 1848)
- 1900 – William Goebel, 34th Governor of Kentucky (b. 1856)
- 1921 – Colin Archer, Norwegian shipbuilder (b. 1832)
- 1924 – Woodrow Wilson, President of the United States, Nobel Peace Prize winner (b. 1856)
- 1935 – Hugo Junkers, German aircraft designer (b. 1859)
- 1945 – Roland Freisler, Nazi official (b. 1893)
- 1959 – Buddy Holly, American singer (b. 1936)
- 1959 – Roger Peterson, American pilot (b. 1937)
- 1959 – Ritchie Valens, American musician (b. 1941)
- 1959 – The Big Bopper, American musician (b. 1930)
- 1960 – Fred Buscaglione, Italian singer and actor (b. 1921)
- 1961 – Anna May Wong, American actress (b. 1905)
- 1969 – Eduardo Mondlane, Mozambique independence founder (b. 1920)
- 1975 – Umm Kulthum, Egyptian singer (b. 1904)
- 1989 – John Cassavetes, American actor (b. 1929)
- 2003 – Lana Clarkson, American actress (b. 1962)
- 2005 – Zurab Zhvania, Georgian politician (b. 1963)
- 2005 – Ernst Mayr, German biologist (b. 1904)
- 2011 – Edouard Glissant, French-Martinican poet (b. 1928)
- 2011 – Maria Schneider, French actress (b. 1952)
- 2012 – Ben Gazzara, American actor (b. 1930)
- 2012 – Samuel Youd, British author (b. 1922)
Observances [change]
- Heroes' Day (Mozambique)
- Veterans' Day (Thailand)
