January 11
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January 11 is the 11th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 354 days remaining until the end of the year (355 in leap years).
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Events [change]
- 314 – Pope Miltiades ends his reign as the Catholic Pope.
- 532 – Nika riots in Constantinople.
- 1158 – Vladislav II becomes King of Bohemia.
- 1569 – First recorded lottery in England.
- 1571 – Austrian nobility is granted freedom of religion.
- 1693 – Mt. Etna erupts in Sicily, Italy.
- 1759 – In Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the first American life insurance company is incorporated.
- 1787 – William Herschel discovers Titania and Oberon, two moons of Uranus.
- 1805 – Michigan Territory is created.
- 1861 – Alabama secedes from the United States.
- 1863 – American Civil War: Battle of Arkansas Post – General John McClernand and Admiral David Dixon Porter capture the Arkansas River for the Union.
- 1866 - British passenger ship London sinks in a storm in the Bay of Biscay, killing 220 out of the 239 people on board.
- 1867 – Benito Juárez becomes Mexican president again.
- 1879 – Anglo-Zulu War begins.
- 1880 – Total solar eclipse blackens the sky of San Francisco one day after the funeral of Emperor Norton.
- 1902 – Popular Mechanics magazine was published for the first time.
- 1908 – The Grand Canyon National Monument is created.
- 1917 - The Kingsland Munitions Factory explosion occurs in Lyndhurst, New Jersey.
- 1919 – Romania annexes Transylvania.
- 1922 – First use of insulin to treat diabetes in a human patient.
- 1923 – Troops from France and Belgium occupy the Ruhr area to force Germany to pay its reparation payments.
- 1927 - Louis B. Mayer, head of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, announces the creation of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.
- 1934 - A total of 135 people are killed in a series of avalanches in Vorarlberg, Austria.
- 1935 – Amelia Earhart is the first woman to fly solo from Hawaii to California.
- 1938 – Frances Moulton is the first woman to become president of a US national bank.
- 1942 – Japan declares war on the Netherlands and invades the Netherlands East Indies.
- 1942 – The Japanese capture Kuala Lumpur.
- 1943 – The United States and United Kingdom give up territorial rights in China.
- 1946 – Enver Hoxha declares the People's Republic of Albania with himself as dictator.
- 1946 – Porfirio Barba-Jacob's ashes go back to Colombia.
- 1949 – First recorded case of snowfall in Los Angeles, California.
- 1957 – The African Convention is founded in Dakar.
- 1960 – Chad declares its independence.
- 1962 – An avalanche occurs the Huascaran in Peru; 4,000 deaths.
- 1963 – The Whisky A Go-Go night club in Los Angeles, the first disco in the USA, is opened.
- 1964 – United States Surgeon General Luther Leonidas Terry reports smoking may be hazardous to health. First such statement from US government.
- 1972 – East Pakistan becomes Bangladesh.
- 1973 – Beginning of the Watergate burglars trial.
- 1974 – The world's first surviving set of sextuplets are born to Susan Rosenkowitz in Cape Town, South Africa.
- 1976 - In Ecuador, Guillermo Rodriguez Lara is removed from power by the military.
- 1980 – Nigel Short, 14, is the youngest chess player to be awarded the degree of International Master.
- 1981 - In Spain, Cantabria becomes an Autonomous Community.
- 1982 – A cold snap sends temperatures to record lows in dozens of cities throughout the Midwestern United States.
- 1986 – The Gateway Bridge, Brisbane in Queensland Australia was officially opened.
- 1990 – 300,000 march in favor of Lithuanian independence.
- 1992 – Paul Simon is the first major artist to tour South Africa after the end of the cultural boycott.
- 1994 – Irish Government announces the end of a 15-year broadcasting ban on the IRA and its political arm Sinn Fein
- 1996 – Haiti becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty.
- 1996 - Ryutaro Hashimoto becomes Prime Minister of Japan.
- 1998 – Sidi-Hamed massacre in Algeria; over 100 people killed.
- 2001 – The Federal Trade Commission approved the merger of AOL and Time Warner to form AOL Time Warner.
- 2003 – Illinois governor George H. Ryan announces decision to grant clemency to all inmates of death row.
- 2005 – Black Tuesday bushfires swept across the southern Eyre Peninsula in South Australia.
Births [change]
- 347 – Theodosius I, Roman Emperor (d. 395)
- 1322 – Emperor Komyo of Japan (d. 1380)
- 1359 – Emperor Go-En'yu of Japan (d. 1393)
- 1395 - Michelle of Valois, Duchess of Burgundy (d. 1422)
- 1503 - Parmigianino, Italian artist (d. 1540)
- 1591 - Robert Devereux, 3rd Earl of Essex, English Civil War general (d. 1646)
- 1638 – Nicolaus Steno, Danish physician, scientist and bishop (d. 1686)
- 1642 - Johann Friedrich Alberti, German composer and organist (d. 1710)
- 1671 - Francois-Marie, 1st duc de Broglie, French military leader (d. 1745)
- 1755 or 1757 – Alexander Hamilton, American politician (d. 1804)
- 1757 - Samuel Bentham, English mechanical engineer (d. 1831)
- 1786 – Joseph Jackson Lister, English optician and physicist (d. 1869)
- 1788 - William Thomas Brande, English chemist (d. 1866)
- 1793 - Cave Johnson, American politician (d. 1866)
- 1807 - Ezra Cornell, American businessman and University founder (d. 1874)
- 1814 - James Paget, English surgeon and pathologist (d. 1899)
- 1814 - William Bigler, 12th Governor of Pennsylvania (d. 1880)
- 1815 – John A. Macdonald, Scottish-born first Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1891)
- 1839 - Eugenio Maria de Hostos, Puerto Rican educator and nationalist (d. 1903)
- 1842 – William James, American psychologist and philosopher (d. 1910)
- 1852 – Constantin Fehrenbach, Chancellor of Germany (d. 1926)
- 1853 – Georgios Jakobides, Greek painter (d. 1926)
- 1858 – Harry Gordon Selfridge, American retailer (d. 1947)
- 1859 - George Nathaniel Curzon, British Viceroy of India (d. 1925)
- 1870 – Alexander Stirling Calder, American sculptor (d. 1945)
- 1872 - Herbert Baddeley, British tennis player (d. 1931)
- 1872 - Wilfred Baddeley, British tennis player (d. 1929)
- 1872 - George Joseph Smith, British serial killer (d. 1915)
- 1878 - Theodoros Pangalos, Greek general (d. 1952)
- 1895 – Laurens Hammond, American inventor (d. 1973)
- 1897 – August Heissmeyer, German SS officer (d. 1979)
- 1901 - Kwak Ki-ok, Korean pilot (d. 1988)
- 1902 - Maurice Durufle, French composer (d. 1986)
- 1903 - Alan Paton, South African writer and activist (d. 1988)
- 1906 – Albert Hofmann, Swiss chemist (d. 2008)
- 1907 – Pierre Mendes-France, Prime Minister of France (d. 1982)
- 1908 - Lionel Stander, American actor (d. 1994)
- 1910 - Nikos Kavvadias, Greek poet and writer (d. 1975)
- 1911 - Nora Heysen, Australian artist (d. 2003)
- 1911 – Zenko Suzuki, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 2004)
- 1918 - Gunnar Sonsteby, Norwegian Resistance activist (d. 2012)
- 1923 - Carroll Shelby, American racing driver, automobile designer and businessman (d. 2012)
- 1924 – Don Cherry, American singer and golfer
- 1924 – Roger Guillemin, French Nobel Prize laureate
- 1924 – Slim Harpo, American musician (d. 1970)
- 1928 - Mitchell Ryan, American actor
- 1930 - Rod Taylor, Australian actor
- 1932 - Alfonso Arau, Mexican movie director
- 1934 - Charles Antony Richard Hoare, British computer scientist
- 1934 – Jean Chretien, former Prime Minister of Canada
- 1938 – Arthur Scargill, British politician and activist
- 1941 – Gerson, Brazilian footballer
- 1942 – Clarence Clemons, American musician (d. 2011)
- 1943 - Eduardo Mendoza, Spanish writer
- 1944 - Mohammed Abed Elhai, Sudanese writer and academic (d. 1989)
- 1945 – Christine Kaufmann, Austrian-German actress
- 1946 - Naomi Judd, American singer
- 1946 - Tony Kaye, British pianist and organist
- 1946 - John Piper, American theologian
- 1948 - Wajima Hiroshi, Japanese sumo wrestler
- 1948 – Terry Williams, Welsh rock drummer (Dire Straits)
- 1949 - Daryl Braithwaite, American rock music singer
- 1949 - Bogdan Borusewicz, Polish historian and politician
- 1949 - Paco Ignacio Taibo II, Mexican author
- 1949 - Chris Ford, American basketball player
- 1952 - Ben Crenshaw, American golfer
- 1953 - John Sessions, Scottish actor
- 1957 – Bryan Robson, English footballer
- 1958 – Vicki Peterson, American musician
- 1961 – Jasper Fforde, British author
- 1961 – Karl Habsburg-Lothringen, Austro-Hungarian nobleman, son of Otto von Habsburg
- 1961 - Eva O, American musician and singer-songwriter
- 1962 – Kim Coles, American actress
- 1966 - Edyta Bartosiewicz, Polish singer, songwriter and composer
- 1968 - Tom Dumont, American musician
- 1971 – Mary J. Blige, American singer
- 1972 – Amanda Peet, American actress
- 1973 – Rahul Dravid, Indian cricketer
- 1974 – Jens Nowotny, German footballer
- 1977 - Jerome Kerviel, French bank employee
- 1978 – Emile Heskey, English footballer
- 1981 – Jamelia, English singer
- 1981 - Tom Meighan, English singer (Kasabian)
- 1981 – Jaime Valdes, Chilean footballer
- 1983 – Adrian Sutil, German racing driver
- 1984 - Vagner Love, Brazilian footballer
- 1985 – Kazuki Nakajima, Japanese racing driver
- 1988 - Junjun, Chinese singer
- 1997 - Cody Simpson, Australian singer
Deaths [change]
- 705 – Pope John VI
- 812 – Staurakios, Byzantine Emperor
- 844 - Michael I Rhangabes, Byzantine Emperor
- 1055 – Constantine IX Monomachos, Byzantine Emperor (b. 1000)
- 1083 - Otto Nordheim, Duke of Bavaria (b. 1020)
- 1494 - Domenico Ghirlandaio, Italian artist (b. 1449)
- 1495 – Pedro Gonzalez de Mendoza, Spanish cardinal and statesman (b. 1428)
- 1713 - Pierre Jurieu, French Protestant leader (b. 1637)
- 1753 - Hans Sloane, Ulster-Scottish physician and collector (b. 1660)
- 1762 – Louis-Francois Roubiliac, French sculptor (b. 1695)
- 1763 – Caspar Abel, German theologian, historian and poet (b. 1676)
- 1798 - Erekle II, King of Kartli and Kakheti in present-day Georgia (b. 1720)
- 1801 – Domenico Cimarosa, Italian composer (b. 1749)
- 1843 – Francis Scott Key, American lawyer and lyricist (b. 1779)
- 1867 – Stuart Donaldson, colonial governor of New South Wales (b. 1812)
- 1882 – Theodor Schwann, German physiologist (b. 1810)
- 1901 - Vasily Kalinnikov, Russian composer (b. 1866)
- 1914 – Carl Jacobsen, Danish brewer (b. 1842)
- 1923 – King Constantine I of Greece (b. 1868)
- 1928 – Thomas Hardy, English writer (b. 1840)
- 1941 – Emanuel Lasker, German chess player (b. 1868)
- 1947 - Eva Tanguay, Canadian-born singer and entertainer (b. 1879)
- 1953 – Noe Zhordania, Georgian politician (b. 1868)
- 1958 - Edna Purviance, Canadian-born singer and entertainer (b. 1895)
- 1965 – Wally Pipp, American baseball player (b. 1893)
- 1966 – Alberto Giacometti, Swiss sculptor (b. 1901)
- 1966 – Hannes Kolehmainen, Finnish runner (b. 1889)
- 1966 – Lal Bahadur Shastri, Prime Minister of India (b. 1904)
- 1972 - Padraic Colum, Irish poet, novelist, dramatist and biographer (b. 1881)
- 1975 - Max Lorenz, German tenor (b. 1901)
- 1980 - Barbara Pym, English novelist (b. 1913)
- 1985 - William McKell, Premier of New South Wales and Governor-General of Australia (b. 1891)
- 1988 – Isidor Isaac Rabi, American physicist (b. 1898)
- 1991 – Carl David Anderson, American physicist (b. 1905)
- 1998 – Klaus Tennstedt, German conductor (b. 1926)
- 2003 – Mickey Finn, English drummer (T.Rex) (b. 1947)
- 2008 – Edmund Hillary, New Zealand mountaineer and explorer (b. 1919)
- 2009 - Pio Laghi, Italian cardinal (b. 1922)
- 2010 – Eric Rohmer, French movie director (b. 1920)
- 2010 – Miep Gies, Dutch humanitarian, helper of Anne Frank (b. 1909)
- 2013 - Mariangela Melato, Italian actress (b. 1941)
- 2013 - Aaron Swartz, American computer programmer, author and internet activist (b. 1986)
