List of IOC country codes

From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The flag of the international Olympic movement

The International Olympic Committee (IOC) uses three-letter abbreviation country codes to call each group of athletes that participate in the Olympic Games.[1]

Since 1952, the list of IOC country codes has changed as new countries were added. Sometimes the names of countries were changed. Some countries have had as many as four different codes.[2]

Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V Y Z

A[change | change source]

Code Country National Organizing Committee (NOC) Other codes used
AFG  Afghanistan Afghanistan National Olympic Committee[3]
AHO  Netherlands Antilles Netherlands Antilles Olympic Committee ATO (1960)
NAN (1964)
ALB  Albania National Olympic Committee of Albania[4]
ALG  Algeria Comité Olympique Algérien[5] AGR (1964)
AGL (1968S)
AND  Andorra Comitè Olímpic Andorrà[6]
ANG  Angola Comité Olímpico Angolano[7]
ANT  Antigua and Barbuda Antigua and Barbuda Olympic Association[8]
ARG  Argentina Comité Olímpico Argentino[9]
ARM  Armenia National Olympic Committee of Armenia[10]
ARU  Aruba Comité Olímpico Arubano[11]
ASA  American Samoa American Samoa National Olympic Committee[12]
AUS  Australia Australian Olympic Committee[13] ANZ (1908, 1912)
AUT  Austria Österreichisches Olympisches Comité[14]
AZE  Azerbaijan National Olympic Committee of the Azerbaijani Republic[15]

B[change | change source]

Code Country National Organizing Committee (NOC) Other codes used
BAH  Bahamas Bahamas Olympic Association[16]
BGD  Bangladesh Bangladesh Olympic Association[17]
BAR  Barbados Barbados Olympic Association[18] BAD (1964)
BDI  Burundi Comité National Olympique du Burundi[19]
BEL  Belgium Comité Olympique et Interfédéral Belge[20]
BEN  Benin Comité National Olympique et Sportif Béninois[21] DAY (1964)
DAH (1968–1976)
BER  Bermuda Bermuda Olympic Association[22]
BHU  Bhutan Bhutan Olympic Committee[23]
BIH  Bosnia and Herzegovina Olympic Committee of Bosnia and Herzegovina[24] BSH (1992S)
BIZ  Belize Belize Olympic and Commonwealth Games Association[25] HBR (1968–1972)
BLR  Belarus National Olympic Committee of the Republic of Belarus[26]
BOL  Bolivia Comité Olímpico Boliviano[27]
BOT  Botswana Botswana National Olympic Committee[28]
BRA  Brazil Comitê Olímpico Brasileiro[29]
BRN  Bahrain Bahrain Olympic Committee
BRU  Brunei Brunei Darussalam National Olympic Council[30]
BGR  Bulgaria Bulgaria Olympic Committee[31]
BUR  Burkina Faso Comité National Olympique et des Sports Burkinabè[32] VOL (1972–1984)

C[change | change source]

Code Country National Organizing Committee (NOC) Other codes used
CAF  Central African Republic Comité National Olympique et Sportif Centrafricain[33] AFC (1968)
CAM  Cambodia National Olympic Committee of Cambodia[34] CAB (1964)
KHM (1972–1976)
CAN  Canada Canadian Olympic Committee[35]
CAY  Cayman Islands Cayman Islands Olympic Committee[36]
CGO  Republic of the Congo Comité National Olympique et Sportif Congolais[37]
CHA  Chad Comité Olympique et Sportif Tchadien[38] CHD (1964)
TCH
CHI  Chile Comité Olímpico de Chile[39] CIL (1956W, 1960S)
CHN  China Chinese Olympic Committee[40]
CIV  Côte d'Ivoire Comité National Olympique de Côte d'Ivoire[41] IVC (1964)
CML (1968)
CMR  Cameroon Comité National Olympique et Sportif du Cameroun[42]
COD  Democratic Republic of the Congo Comité Olympique Congolais[43] COK (1968)
ZAI (1972–1996)
COK  Cook Islands Cook Islands Sports and National Olympic Committee[44]
COL  Colombia Comité Olímpico Colombiano[45]
COM  Comoros Comité Olympique et Sportif des Iles Comores[46]
CPV  Cape Verde Comité Olímpico Caboverdeano[47]
CRC  Costa Rica Comité Olímpico Nacional de Costa Rica[48] COS (1964)
CTC (1984W)
CRO  Croatia Croatian Olympic Committee[49]
CUB  Cuba Comité Olímpico Cubano[50]
CYP  Cyprus Cyprus National Olympic Committee[51]
CZE  Czech Republic Czech Olympic Committee[52]

D[change | change source]

Code Country National Organizing Committee (NOC) Other codes used
DEN  Denmark National Olympic Committee and Sports Confederation of Denmark[53] DAN (1960S, 1968W)
DIN (1968S)
DJI  Djibouti Comité National Olympique et Sportif Djiboutien[54]
DMA  Dominica Dominica Olympic Committee[55]
DOM  Dominican Republic Comité Olímpico Dominicano[56]

E[change | change source]

Code Country National Organizing Committee (NOC) Other codes used
ECU  Ecuador Comité Olímpico Ecuatoriano[57]
EGY  Egypt Egyptian Olympic Committee[58] RAU (1960, 1968)
UAR (1964)
ERI  Eritrea Eritrean National Olympic Committee[59]
ESA  El Salvador Comité Olímpico de El Salvador[60] SAL (1964–1976)
ESP  Spain Comité Olímpico Español[61] SPA (1956–1964, 1968W)
EST  Estonia Estonian Olympic Committee (Eesti Olümpiakomitee)[62]
ETH  Ethiopia Ethiopian Olympic Committee[63] ETI (1960, 1968)

F[change | change source]

Code Country National Organizing Committee (NOC) Other codes used
FIJ  Fiji Fiji Association of Sports and National Olympic Committee[64] FIG (1960)
FIN  Finland Finnish Olympic Committee[65]
FRA  France Comité National Olympique et Sportif Français[66]
FSM  Micronesia Federated States of Micronesia National Olympic Committee[67]

G[change | change source]

Code Country National Organizing Committee (NOC) Other codes used
GAB  Gabon Comité Olympique Gabonais[68]
GAM  Gambia Gambia National Olympic Committee[69]
GBR  Great Britain British Olympic Association[70] GRB (1956W–1960)
GBI (1964)
GBS  Guinea-Bissau Comité Olímpico da Guiné-Bissau[71]
GEO  Georgia Georgian National Olympic Committee[72]
GEQ  Equatorial Guinea Comité National Olympique Equato-Guinéen[73]
GER  Germany Deutscher Olympischer SportBund[74] ALL (1968W)
ALE (1968S)
FRG (1980–1988)
GHA  Ghana Ghana Olympic Committee[75]
GRE  Greece Comité Olympique Hellénique[76]
GRN  Grenada Grenada Olympic Committee[77]
GUA  Guatemala Comité Olímpico Guatemalteco[78] GUT (1964)
GUI  Guinea Comité National Olympique et Sportif Guinéen[79]
GUM  Guam Guam National Olympic Committee[80]
GUY  Guyana Guyana Olympic Association[81] GUA (1960)
GUI (1964)

H[change | change source]

Code Country National Organizing Committee (NOC) Other codes used
HAI  Haiti Comité Olympique Haïtien[82]
HKG  Hong Kong Sports Federation and Olympic Committee of Hong Kong, China[83] HOK (1960–1968)
HON  Honduras Comité Olímpico Hondureño[84]
HUN  Hungary Hungarian Olympic Committee[85] UNG (1956W, 1960S)

I[change | change source]

Code Country National Organizing Committee (NOC) Other codes used
IDN  Indonesia Komite Olimpiade Indonesia[86] INS (1960)
IND  India Indian Olympic Association[87]
IRI  Iran National Olympic Committee of the Islamic Republic of Iran[88] IRN (1956–1988)
IRA (1968W)
IRL  Ireland Olympic Council of Ireland[89]
IRQ  Iraq National Olympic Committee of Iraq[90] IRK (1960, 1968)
ISL  Iceland National Olympic and Sports Association of Iceland[91] ICE (1960W, 1964S)
ISR  Israel Olympic Committee of Israel[92]
ISV  United States Virgin Islands Virgin Islands Olympic Committee[93]
ITA  Italy Comitato Olimpico Nazionale Italiano[94]
IVB  British Virgin Islands British Virgin Islands Olympic Committee[95]

J[change | change source]

Code Country National Organizing Committee (NOC) Other codes used
JAM  Jamaica Jamaica Olympic Association[96]
JOR  Jordan Jordan Olympic Committee[97]
JPN  Japan Japanese Olympic Committee[98] GIA (1956W, 1960S)
JAP (1960W)

K[change | change source]

Code Country National Organizing Committee (NOC) Other codes used
KAZ  Kazakhstan National Olympic Committee of the Republic of Kazakhstan[99]
KEN  Kenya National Olympic Committee Kenya[100]
KGZ  Kyrgyzstan National Olympic Committee of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan[101]
KIR  Kiribati Kiribati National Olympic Committee[102]
KOR  South Korea Korean Olympic Committee[103] COR (1956W, 1960S, 1968S, 1972S)
KSA  Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabian Olympic Committee[104] ARS (1968–1976)
SAU (1980–1984)
KUW  Kuwait Kuwait Olympic Committee[105]

L[change | change source]

Code Country National Organizing Committee (NOC) Other codes used
LAO  Laos National Olympic Committee of Lao[106]
LAT  Latvia Latvian Olympic Committee[107]
LBA  Libya Libyan Olympic Committee[108] LYA (1964)
LBY (1968W)
LBR  Liberia Liberia National Olympic Committee[109]
LCA  Saint Lucia St Lucia Olympic Committee[110]
LES  Lesotho Lesotho National Olympic Committee[111]
LBN  Lebanon Lebanese Olympic Committee[112] LEB (1960W, 1964S), LIB (until Oct 2017)
LIE  Liechtenstein Liechtensteinischer Olympischer Sportverband[113] LIC (1956W, 1964S, 1968W)
LTU  Lithuania National Olympic Committee of Lithuania[114] LIT (1992W)
LUX  Luxembourg Comité Olympique et Sportif Luxembourgeois[115]

M[change | change source]

Code Country National Organizing Committee (NOC) Other codes used
MAD  Madagascar Comité Olympique Malgache[116] MAG (1964)
MAR  Morocco Comité National Olympique Marocain[117] MRC (1964)
MAS  Malaysia Olympic Council of Malaysia[118] MAL (1964–1988)
MAW  Malawi Malawi Olympic Committee[119]
MDA  Moldova Comité National Olympique de la République de Moldova[120] MLD (1994)
MDV  Maldives Maldives Olympic Committee[121]
MEX  Mexico Comité Olímpico Mexicano[122]
MNG  Mongolia Mongolian National Olympic Committee[123] MON (1968W)
MHL  Marshall Islands Marshall Islands National Olympic Committee[124]
MKD  Macedonia Olympic Committee of the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia[125]
MLI  Mali Comité National Olympique et Sportif du Mali[126]
MLT  Malta Maltese Olympic Committee[127] MAT (1960–1964)
MNE  Montenegro Montenegrin Olympic Committee[128]
MON  Monaco Comité Olympique Monégasque[129]
MOZ  Mozambique Comité Olímpico Nacional de Moçambique[130]
MRI  Mauritius Mauritius Olympic Committee[131]
MTN  Mauritania Comité National Olympique et Sportif Mauritanien[132]
MYA  Myanmar Myanmar Olympic Committee[133] BIR (1960, 1968–1988)
BUR (1964)

N[change | change source]

Code Country National Organizing Committee (NOC) Other codes used
NAM  Namibia Namibia National Olympic Committee[134]
NCA  Nicaragua Comité Olímpico Nicaragüense [135] NCG (1964)
NIC (1968)
NED  Netherlands Nederlands Olympisch Comité/Nederlandse Sport Federatie[136] OLA (1956W)
NET (1960W)
PBA (1960S)
NLD (1964S)
HOL (1968–1988)
NEP    Nepal Nepal Olympic Committee[137]
NGR  Nigeria Nigeria Olympic Committee[138] NGA (1964)
NIG  Niger Comité Olympique et Sportif National du Niger[139] NGR (1964)
NOR  Norway Norges idrettsforbund og olympiske og paralympiske komité (Norwegian Olympic and Paralympic Committee and Confederation of Sports)[140]
NRU  Nauru Nauru Olympic Committee[141]
NZL  New Zealand New Zealand Olympic Committee[142] ANZ (1908, 1912)
NZE (1960, 1968W)

O[change | change source]

Code Country National Organizing Committee (NOC) Other codes used
OMA  Oman Oman Olympic Committee[143]

P[change | change source]

Code Country National Organizing Committee (NOC) Other codes used
PAK  Pakistan Pakistan Olympic Association[144]
PAN  Panama Comité Olímpico de Panamá[145]
PAR  Paraguay Comité Olímpico Paraguayo[146]
PER  Peru Comité Olímpico Peruano[147]
PHI  Philippines Philippines Olympic Committee[148] FIL (1960, 1968)
PLE  Palestine Palestine Olympic Committee[149]
PLW  Palau Palau National Olympic Committee[150]
PNG  Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea Sports Federation and Olympic Committee[151] NGY (1976–1980)
NGU (1984–1988)
POL  Poland Polish Olympic Committee[152]
POR  Portugal Comité Olímpico de Portugal[153]
PRK  North Korea Olympic Committee of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea[154] NKO (1964S, 1968W)
CDN (1968)
PUR  Puerto Rico Comité Olímpico de Puerto Rico[155] PRI (1960)
PRO (1968)

Q[change | change source]

Code Country National Organizing Committee (NOC) Other codes used
QAT  Qatar Qatar Olympic Committee[156]

R[change | change source]

Code Country National Organizing Committee (NOC) Other codes used
ROU  Romania Romanian Olympic and Sports Committee[157] ROM (1956–1960, 1972–2006)
RUM (1964–1968)
RSA  South Africa South African Sports Confederation and Olympic Committee[158] SAF (1960–1972)
ROC  Russia Russia Olympic Committee[159]
RWA  Rwanda Comité National Olympique et Sportif du Rwanda[160]

S[change | change source]

Code Country National Organizing Committee (NOC) Other codes used
SAM  Samoa Samoa Association of Sport and National Olympic Committee[161]
SEN  Senegal Comité National Olympique et Sportif Sénégalais[162] SGL (1964)
SEY  Seychelles Seychelles Olympic and Commonwealth Games Association[163]
SGP  Singapore Singapore National Olympic Council[164] SIN (1959-2016)
SKN  Saint Kitts and Nevis St. Kitts and Nevis Olympic Committee[165]
SLE  Sierra Leone National Olympic Committee of Sierra Leone[166] SLA (1968)
SLO  Slovenia Olympic Committee of Slovenia Association of Sports Federations[167]
SMR  San Marino Comitato Olimpico Nazionale Sammarinese[168] SMA (1960–1964)
SOL  Solomon Islands National Olympic Committee of Solomon Islands[169]
SOM  Somalia Somali Olympic Committee[170]
SRB  Serbia Olympic Committee of Serbia[171]
SRI  Sri Lanka National Olympic Committee of Sri Lanka[172] CEY (1960–1972)
STP  São Tomé and Príncipe Comité Olímpico de São Tomé e Príncipe[173]
SUD  Sudan Sudan Olympic Cmmittee[174]
SUI   Switzerland Swiss Olympic Association[175] SVI (1956W, 1960S)
SWI (1960W, 1964S)
SUR  Suriname Surinaams Olympisch Comité Surinaams[176]
SVK  Slovakia Slovak Olympic Committee[177]
SWE  Sweden Swedish Olympic Committee[178] SVE (1956W, 1960S)
SUE (1968S)
SWZ  Swaziland Swaziland Olympic and Commonwealth Games Association[179]
SYR  Syria Syrian Olympic Committee[180] RAU (1960)
SIR (1968)

T[change | change source]

Code Country National Organizing Committee (NOC) Other codes used
TAN  Tanzania Tanzania Olympic Committee Tanzania Olympic Committee [181]
TGA  Tonga Tonga Sports Association and National Olympic Committee[182] TON (1984)
THA  Thailand National Olympic Committee of Thailand [183] TAI (1960, 1968)
TJK  Tajikistan National Olympic Committee of the Republic of Tajikistan[184]
TKM  Turkmenistan National Olympic Committee of Turkmenistan[185]
TLS  Timor-Leste Comitê Olímpico Nacional de Timor-Leste[186]
TOG  Togo Comité National Olympique Togolais[187]
TPE  Republic of China[188] Chinese Taipei Olympic Committee[189] RCF (1960)
TWN (1964–1968)
ROC (1972–1976)
TTO  Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad and Tobago Olympic Committee[190] TRT (1964–1968)
TUN  Tunisia Comité National Olympique Tunisien[191]
TUR  Turkey National Olympic Committee of Turkey[192]
TUV  Tuvalu Tuvalu Association of Sports and National Olympic Committee[193]

U[change | change source]

Code Country National Organizing Committee (NOC) Other codes used
UAE  United Arab Emirates United Arab Emirates National Olympic Committee[194]
UGA  Uganda Uganda Olympic Committee[195]
UKR  Ukraine National Olympic Committee of Ukraine [196]
URU  Uruguay Comité Olímpico Uruguayo[197] URG (1968)
USA  United States United States Olympic Committee [198] SUA (1960S)
EUA (1968S)
UZB  Uzbekistan National Olympic Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan[199]

V[change | change source]

Code Country National Organizing Committee (NOC) Other codes used
VAN  Vanuatu Vanuatu Association of Sports and National Olympic Committee[200]
VEN  Venezuela Comité Olímpico Venezolano Comité[201]
VIE  Vietnam Vietnam Olympic Committee[202] VET (1964)
VNM (1968–1976)
VIN  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines St Vincent and the Grenadines National Olympic Committee[203]

Y[change | change source]

Code Country National Organizing Committee (NOC) Other codes used
YEM  Yemen Yemen Olympic Committee[204]

Z[change | change source]

Code Country National Organizing Committee (NOC) Other codes used
ZAM  Zambia National Olympic Committee of Zambi[205] NRH (1964)
ZIM  Zimbabwe Zimbabwe Olympic Committee[206] RHO (1960–1972)

Historic NOCs and teams[change | change source]

Some of the National Olympic Committees no longer exist, such as Czechoslovakia, the Federal Republic of Germany, the German Democratic Republic, the USSR, the United Arab Republic, and the West Indies Federation.[207]

Codes still in use[change | change source]

Twelve historical NOCs or teams have codes that are still used in the IOC results database[208] to refer to past medal winners from these teams.

Code Nation/Team Other codes used
ANZ  Australasia
BOH  Bohemia
BWI  West Indies Federation ANT (1960, 1968), WID (1964)
EUA Unified Team of Germany GER (1956–1964)
EUN Unified Team
FRG  West Germany ALL (1968W), ALE (1968S), GER (1972–1976)
GDR  East Germany ADE (1968)
SCG  Serbia and Montenegro YUG (1996S–2002W)
TCH  Czechoslovakia CSL (1956W), CZE (1960W), CSV (1960S), CZS (1964S), CHE (1968S)
URS  Soviet Union SOV (1968W)
YUG  Yugoslavia JUG (1956–1960, 1968W), YUS (1964S)
ZZX Mixed teams

Obsolete codes[change | change source]

Code Nation (NOC) Years Notes
BIR  Burma 1948–1988 Now Myanmar (MYA)
CEY  Ceylon 1948–1972 Now Sri Lanka (SRI)
DAH  Dahomey 1964–1976 Now Benin (BEN)
HBR  British Honduras 1968–1972 Now Belize (BIZ)
KHM Cambodia Khmer Republic 1972–1976 Now Cambodia (CAM)
MAL  Malaya 1956–1960 Competed independently prior to the formation of Malaysia in 1963.
Now Malaysia (MAS)
NBO  North Borneo 1956
NRH  Northern Rhodesia 1964 Now Zambia (ZAM)
RAU  United Arab Republic 1960 Now Egypt (EGY)
and Syria (SYR)
RHO  Rhodesia 1960–1972 Now Zimbabwe (ZIM)
ROC  Republic of China 1932–1976 Now Chinese Taipei (TPE)
UAR  United Arab Republic 1964 Now Egypt (EGY)
VOL  Upper Volta 1972–1984 Now Burkina Faso (BUR)
YAR  North Yemen 1984–1988 Competed independently prior to 1990.
Now Yemen (YEM)
YMD  South Yemen 1988
ZAI  Zaire 1972–1996 Now DR Congo (COD)
GUI  British Guiana 1948–1964 Now Guyana (GUY)
 Gold Coast 1952 Now Ghana (GHA)
SAA  Saar 1952 Competed independently prior to rejoining West Germany in 1957.

Related pages[change | change source]

References[change | change source]

  1. Mallon, Bill and Ove Karlsson. "IOC and OCOG Abbreviations for NOCs," Archived 2011-06-29 at the Wayback Machine Journal of Olympic History (US), Vol. 12, No. 2, May 2004, pp. 25-28; retrieved 2012-8-9.
  2. Mallon, p. 26.
  3. Olympic.org, Afghanistan; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  4. Olympic.org, Albania; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  5. Olympic.org, Algria; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  6. Olympic.org, Andorra; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  7. Olympic.org, Angola; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  8. Olympic.org, Antigua and Barbuda; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  9. Olympic.org, Argentina; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  10. Olympic.org, Armenia; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  11. Olympic.org, Aruba; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  12. Olympic.org, American Samoa; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  13. Olympic.org, Australia; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  14. Olympic.org, Austria; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  15. Olympic.org, Azerbaijan; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  16. Olympic.org, Bahamas; retrieved 2012-8-15.
  17. Olympic.org, Bangladesh; retrieved 2012-8-15.
  18. Olympic.org, Barbados; retrieved 2012-8-15.
  19. Olympic.org, Burundi; retrieved 2012-8-15.
  20. Olympic.org, Belgium; retrieved 2012-8-15.
  21. Olympic.org, Benin; retrieved 2012-8-15.
  22. Olympic.org, Bermuda; retrieved 2012-8-15.
  23. Olympic.org, Bhutan; retrieved 2012-8-15.
  24. Olympic.org, Bosnia and Herzegovina; retrieved 2012-8-15.
  25. Olympic.org, Belize; retrieved 2012-8-15.
  26. Olympic.org, Belarus; retrieved 2012-8-15.
  27. Olympic.org, Bolivia; retrieved 2012-8-15.
  28. Olympic.org, Botswana; retrieved 2012-8-15.
  29. Olympic.org, Brazil; retrieved 2012-8-15.
  30. Olympic.org, Brunei Darussalam; retrieved 2012-8-15.
  31. Olympic.org, Bulgaria; retrieved 2012-8-15.
  32. Olympic.org, Burkina Faso; retrieved 2012-8-15.
  33. Olympic.org, Central African Republic; retrieved 2012-8-13.
  34. Olympic.org, Cambodia; retrieved 2012-8-13.
  35. Olympic.org, Canada; retrieved 2012-8-13.
  36. Olympic.org, Cayman Islands; retrieved 2012-8-13.
  37. Olympic.org, Republic of Congo; retrieved 2012-8-13.
  38. Olympic.org, Chad; retrieved 2012-8-13.
  39. Olympic.org, Chile; retrieved 2012-8-13.
  40. Olympic.org, People's Republic of China; retrieved 2012-8-13.
  41. Olympic.org, Côte d'Ivoire; retrieved 2012-8-13.
  42. Olympic.org, Cameroon; retrieved 2012-8-13.
  43. Olympic.org, Congo; retrieved 2012-8-13.
  44. Olympic.org, Cook Islands; retrieved 2012-8-13.
  45. Olympic.org, Colombia; retrieved 2012-8-13.
  46. Olympic.org, Comoros; retrieved 2012-8-13.
  47. Olympic.org, Cape Verde; retrieved 2012-8-13.
  48. Olympic.org, Costa Rica; retrieved 2012-8-13.
  49. Olympic.org, Croatia; retrieved 2012-8-13.
  50. Olympic.org, Cuba; retrieved 2012-8-11.
  51. Olympic.org, Cyprus; retrieved 2012-8-13.
  52. Olympic.org, Czech Republic; retrieved 2012-8-13.
  53. Olympic.org, Denmark; retrieved 2012-8-11.
  54. Olympic.org, Djibouti; retrieved 2012-8-11.
  55. Olympic.org, Dominica; retrieved 2012-8-11.
  56. Olympic.org, Dominican Republic; retrieved 2012-8-11.
  57. Olympic.org, Ecuador; retrieved 2012-8-11.
  58. Olympic.org, Egypt; retrieved 2012-8-11.
  59. Olympic.org, Eritrea; retrieved 2012-8-11.
  60. Olympic.org, El Salvador; retrieved 2012-8-11.
  61. Olympic.org, Spain; retrieved 2012-8-11.
  62. Olympic.org, Estonia; retrieved 2012-8-11.
  63. Olympic.org, Ethiopia; retrieved 2012-8-11.
  64. Olympic.org, Fiji; retrieved 2012-8-9.
  65. Olympic.org, Finland; retrieved 2012-8-9.
  66. Olympic.org, France; retrieved 2012-8-9.
  67. Olympic.org, Micronesia; retrieved 2012-8-9.
  68. Olympic.org, Gabon; retrieved 2012-8-9.
  69. Olympic.org, Gambia; retrieved 2012-8-9.
  70. Olympic.org, Great Britain; retrieved 2012-8-9.
  71. Olympic.org, Guinea-Bissau; retrieved 2012-8-9.
  72. Olympic.org, Georgia; retrieved 2012-8-9.
  73. Olympic.org, Equatorial Guinea; retrieved 2012-8-9.
  74. Olympic.org, Germany; retrieved 2012-8-9.
  75. Olympic.org, Ghana; retrieved 2012-8-9.
  76. Olympic.org, Greece; retrieved 2012-8-9.
  77. Olympic.org, Grenada; retrieved 2012-8-9.
  78. Olympic.org, Guatemala; retrieved 2012-8-9.
  79. Olympic.org, Guinea; retrieved 2012-8-9.
  80. Olympic.org, Guam; retrieved 2012-8-9.
  81. Olympic.org, Guyana; retrieved 2012-8-9.
  82. Olympic.org, Haiti; retrieved 2012-8-8.
  83. Olympic.org, Hong Kong; retrieved 2012-8-8.
  84. Olympic.org, Honduras; retrieved 2012-8-8.
  85. Olympic.org, Hungary; retrieved 2012-8-8.
  86. Olympic.org, Indonesia; retrieved 2012-8-8.
  87. Olympic.org, India; retrieved 2012-8-8.
  88. Olympic.org, Iran; retrieved 2012-8-8.
  89. Olympic.org, Ireland; retrieved 2012-8-8.
  90. Olympic.org, Iraq; retrieved 2012-8-8.
  91. Olympic.org, Iceland; retrieved 2012-8-8.
  92. Olympic.org, Israel; retrieved 2012-8-8.
  93. Olympic.org, United States Virgin Islands; retrieved 2012-8-8.
  94. Olympic.org, Italy; retrieved 2012-8-8.
  95. Olympic.org, British Virgin Islands; retrieved 2012-8-8.
  96. Olympic.org, Jamaica; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  97. Olympic.org, Jordan; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  98. Olympic.org, Japan; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  99. Olympic.org, Kazakhstan; retrieved 2012-8-15.
  100. Olympic.org, Kenya; retrieved 2012-8-15.
  101. Olympic.org, Kyrgyzstan; retrieved 2012-8-15.
  102. Olympic.org, Kiribati; retrieved 2012-8-15.
  103. Olympic.org, South Korea; retrieved 2012-8-15.
  104. Olympic.org, Saudi Arabia; retrieved 2012-8-15.
  105. Olympic.org, Kuwait; retrieved 2012-8-15.
  106. Olympic.org, Laos; retrieved 2012-8-15.
  107. Olympic.org, Latvia; retrieved 2012-8-15.
  108. Olympic.org, Libya; retrieved 2012-8-15.
  109. Olympic.org, Liberia; retrieved 2012-8-15.
  110. Olympic.org, Saint Lucia; retrieved 2012-8-15.
  111. Olympic.org, Lesotho; retrieved 2012-8-15.
  112. Olympic.org, Lebanon; retrieved 2017-12-12.
  113. Olympic.org, Liechtenstein; retrieved 2012-8-15.
  114. Olympic.org, Lithuania; retrieved 2012-8-15.
  115. Olympic.org, Luxembourg; retrieved 2012-8-15.
  116. Olympic.org, Madagascar; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  117. Olympic.org, Morocco; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  118. Olympic.org, Malaysia; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  119. Olympic.org, Malawi; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  120. Olympic.org, Moldova; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  121. Olympic.org, Maldives; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  122. Olympic.org, Mexico; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  123. Olympic.org, Mongolia; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  124. Olympic.org, Marshall Islands; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  125. Olympic.org, Macedonia; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  126. Olympic.org, Mali; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  127. Olympic.org, Malta; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  128. Olympic.org, Montenegro; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  129. Olympic.org, Monaco; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  130. Olympic.org, Mozambique; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  131. Olympic.org, Mauritius; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  132. Olympic.org, Mauritania; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  133. Olympic.org, Myanmar; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  134. Olympic.org, Namibia; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  135. Olympic.org, Nicaragua; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  136. Olympic.org, Netherlands; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  137. Olympic.org, Nepal; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  138. Olympic.org, Nigeria; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  139. Olympic.org, Niger; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  140. Olympic.org, Norway; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  141. Olympic.org, Nauru; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  142. Olympic.org, New Zealand; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  143. Olympic.org, Oman; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  144. Olympic.org, Pakistan; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  145. Olympic.org, Panama; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  146. Olympic.org, Paraguay; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  147. Olympic.org, Peru; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  148. Olympic.org, Philippines; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  149. Olympic.org, Palestine; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  150. Olympic.org, Palau; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  151. Olympic.org, Papua New Guinea; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  152. Olympic.org, Poland; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  153. Olympic.org, Portugal; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  154. Olympic.org, North Korea; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  155. Olympic.org, Puerto Rico; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  156. Olympic.org, Qatar; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  157. Olympic.org, Romania; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  158. Olympic.org, South Africa; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  159. Olympic.org, Russia; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  160. Olympic.org, Rwanda; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  161. Olympic.org, Samoa; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  162. Olympic.org, Senegal; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  163. Olympic.org, Seychelles; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  164. Olympic.org, Singapore; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  165. Olympic.org, Saint Kitts and Nevis; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  166. Olympic.org, Sierra Leone; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  167. Olympic.org, Slovenia; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  168. Olympic.org, San Marino; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  169. Olympic.org, Solomon Islands; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  170. Olympic.org, Somalia; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  171. Olympic.org, Serbia; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  172. Olympic.org, Sri Lanka; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  173. Olympic.org, São Tomé and Príncipe; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  174. Olympic.org, Sudan; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  175. Olympic.org, Switzerland; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  176. Olympic.org, Suriname; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  177. Olympic.org, Slovakia; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  178. Olympic.org, Sweden; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  179. Olympic.org, Swaziland; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  180. Olympic.org, Syria; retrieved 2012-8-5.
  181. Olympic.org, Tanzania; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  182. Olympic.org, Tonga; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  183. Olympic.org, Thailand; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  184. Olympic.org, Tadjikistan; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  185. Olympic.org, Turkmenistan; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  186. Olympic.org, Timor-Leste; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  187. Olympic.org, Togo; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  188. In Olympic context, Chinese Taipei is the official name given to the team from the Republic of China.
  189. Olympic.org, Chinese Taipei[permanent dead link]; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  190. Olympic.org, Trinidad and Tobago; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  191. Olympic.org, Tunisia; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  192. Olympic.org, Turkey; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  193. Olympic.org, Tuvalu; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  194. Olympic.org, United Arab Emirates; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  195. Olympic.org, Uganda; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  196. Olympic.org, Ukraine; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  197. Olympic.org, Uruguay; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  198. Olympic.org, United States; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  199. Olympic.org, Uzbekistan; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  200. Olympic.org, Vanuatu; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  201. Olympic.org, Venezuela; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  202. Olympic.org, Vietnam; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  203. Olympic.org, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  204. Olympic.org, Yemen; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  205. Olympic.org, Zambia; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  206. Olympic.org, Zimbabwe; retrieved 2012-8-2.
  207. Mallon, p. 28.
  208. Olympic.org, Olympic Medalists; retrieved 2012-8-2.

Other websites[change | change source]